大学生付出-回报失衡与积极心理资本的关系:社会支持的中介作用

The Relationship Between Effort-reward Imbalance and Positive Psychological Capital of College Students:The Mediating Role of Social Support

基于付出-回报失衡模型,以1318名大学生为被试,采用大学生付出-回报失衡问卷、领悟社会支持量表和积极心理资本问卷,探讨社会支持在付出-回报失衡与积极心理资本之间的中介作用及此作用在不同生源地类型群体中的差异性。结果发现:(1)付出-回报失衡感与过度投入显著正相关,与社会支持、积极心理资本显著负相关;过度投入与社会支持显著负相关,与积极心理资本显著正相关;社会支持与积极心理资本显著正相关。(2)社会支持在付出-回报失衡感与积极心理资本之间起部分中介作用。(3)过度投入与积极心理资本之间存在社会支持的遮掩效应。(4)不同生源地类型学生能够调节付出-回报失衡感与社会支持之间的关系,在城市学生中,付出-回报失衡感对感知社会支持程度的影响相较于农村学生而言更加明显。

Based on the effort-reward imbalance model,the mediating effects of social support between effort-reward imbalance and positive psychological capital of college students were examined and the question whether the effects were different on urban and rural students was explored.The participants were 1318 college students,who completed questionnaires,including the Effort-Reward Imbalance for University Students(ERIUS),the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)and the Positive Psycap Questionnaire(PPQ).The results are as follows.First,the effort-reward ratio(ERR)was positively correlated with over-commitment and negatively correlated with social support and positive psychological capital;over-commitment was negatively correlated with social support and positively correlated with positive psychological capital;and social support was positively correlated with positive psychological capital.Second,social support partially mediated the relationship between ERR and positive psychological capital.Third,the relationship between over-commitment and positive psychological capital was suppressed by social support.Fourth,the relationship between ERR and social support was significantly moderated by whether co-llege students were from urban or rural areas.Compared with the rural students,the influence of ERR on social support is more obvious among urban students.