营商环境优化有助于“引智”吗?

Has the Improvement of Business Environment Promoted the Infl ow of International Talents?

在生产要素跨国流动性不断增强的背景下,能否吸引和集聚国际人才显然成为影响一国开放发展竞争优势的重要因素。本文尝试采用将权威统计数据和手动搜集数据相结合的方式测度国际人才流入,在此基础上利用跨国面板数据计量检验了营商环境对“引智”的现实影响效应。结果发现:第一,营商环境优化对吸引国际人才流入确实具有积极作用。第二,上述结论在控制了其他可能的影响因素以及一系列稳健性检验中依然成立。第三,以经济要素环境和社会法律环境两个维度为表征的营商环境对国际人才流入的作用力,要显著高于以生产要素市场环境和基础设施环境两个维度为表征的营商环境对国际人才流入的作用力。目前,中国开放战略正处于重要转型阶段,其中就包括实施人才国际化战略以及以优化营商环境为表现的扩大开放举措等。本文研究发现不仅为上述战略转型从特定层面提供了经验证据支撑,而且对于新阶段如何通过优化营商环境,从而更好地实施人才国际化战略以推动开放型经济高质量发展也有重要政策含义。

In the context of the ever-increasing transnational mobility of production factors,the ability to attract and gather international talents has obviously become an important factor affecting a country’s open development and competitive advantage.This article attempts to measure the inflow of international talents by combining authoritative statistical data and manual data collection.On this basis,it uses transnational panel data to measure the actual impact of the business environment on the transnational talent flow.The results found:First,the optimization of the business environment does have a positive effect on attracting international talent inflow.Second,the above conclusion is still valid after controlling for other possible influencing factors and a series of robustness tests.Third,the business environment characterized by the two dimensions of economic factor environment and social legal environment has a significantly higher impact on the inflow of international talents than the business environment characterized by the two dimensions of production factor market environment and infrastructure environment.At present,China's opening strategy is in an important stage of transformation,which includes the implementation of the talent internationalization strategy and the expansion of opening up measures to optimize the business environment.The findings of this article not only provide empirical evidence support for the above-mentioned strategic transformation from a specific level,but also have important policy implications for how to optimize the business environment in the new stage to better implement the talent internationalization strategy to promote the high-quality development of the open economy.