区域水土流失地形因子分析与提取研究

Analysis and Extraction of Topographic Factors of Regional Soil and Water Loss

受到人类活动和自然因素的作用,水土流失等灾害现象日益频发,受到研究学者的关注和研究,水土流失的监测与评估已经从小范围小流域逐步走向了大范围、连片区域性治理,因此需要从多角度、多层次和多维度地了解地表区域性的水土流失变化情况。在众多的土壤水土流失模型中,相比于降雨因子、土壤地质因子、地形因子、植被覆盖因子、地质水文因子。地形因子是最为重要的分析参数,直接影响到区域水土流数学模型的计算精度。本文结合青海省海晏县区域水土流失评价实例,在分析我国区域水土流失特征的基础上,从宏观层面和微观层面构件了区域水土流失评价地形因子指标体系,并基于多尺度DEM模型对区域水土流失评价地形因子指标进行提取。研究成果可为青海省海晏县水土流失监测、评价和治理提供参考。

Affected by human activities and natural factors,disasters such as soil and water loss are becoming more and more frequent,which has attracted the attention and research of researchers.The monitoring and evaluation of soil and water loss has gradually moved from small-scale watershed to large-scale and continuous regional governance.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the changes of surface regional soil and water loss from multiple angles,levels and dimensions.In many soil and water loss models,compared with rainfall factors,soil geological factors,topographic factors,vegetation cover factors,geological and hydrological factors.Terrain factor is the most important analysis parameter,which directly affects the calculation accuracy of regional soil and water flow mathematical model.Combined with the example of regional soil and water loss evaluation in Haiyan County,Qinghai Province,based on the analysis of the characteristics of regional soil and water loss in China,this paper constructs the topographic factor index system of regional soil and water loss evaluation from the macro and micro levels,and extracts the topographic factor index of regional soil and water loss evaluation based on multi-scale DEM model.The research results can provide reference for soil and water loss monitoring,evaluation and control in Haiyan County,Qinghai Province.