苦苣苔科植物在深圳市仙湖植物园的园林应用及展示

Landscape Application and Display of Gesneriaceae in Fairy Lake Botanical Garden of Shenzhen

苦苣苔科植物一般为多年生草本,花朵绚丽多姿,叶片斑斓奇特,具有较高的观赏价值,且耐阴性和适应性强,在园林和园艺应用领域具有较大的开发潜力。其根据观赏特性可分为观花型、观叶型,根据对生长基质的要求可以分为附生型、喜酸型和喜钙型,根据光照需求可分为喜强光照、喜较强散射光和喜较弱散射光,常采用种子和叶片扦插繁殖。深圳市仙湖植物园经过多年的引种驯化和适应性研究,筛选出适宜深圳地区栽培、可应用于园林绿化的苦苣苔科植物38个种、3个变种和1个品种,应用于林下地被、林下花坛花境、岩石地被、立体绿化中,应用区域包括专类植物展、保育基地和办公区域等。

Gesneriaceae plants are generally perennial herbs with gorgeous flower colors,peculiar leaves,high ornamental value,strong shade tolerance and strong adaptability,and have great potential for development in the field of gardening and horticultural applications.They can be divided into flower viewing type and leaf viewing type according to their ornamental characteristics,or epiphytic,acid-loving and calcium-loving types according to the requirements of the growth substrate,or strong light,strong scattering light and weak scattering light according to the light needs.They are often propagated by seed and leaf cuttings.Fairy Lake Botanical Garden of Shenzhen has seleceted 38 species,3 subspecies and 1 cultivar of Gesneriaceae that are suitable for cultivation in Shenzhen and can be used in landscaping after years of introduction,domestication and adaptability research.They can be applied to underforest cover,underforest flower bed and flower border,rock cover and vertical planting,and their application areas in Fairy Lake Botanical Garden include special plant exhibitions,conservation bases and office areas.