低地板车辆轴桥载荷识别方法研究

Research on Load Identification Methods of Low Floor Vehicle Axle-bridge

轴桥是低地板车的关键零部件,其性能可靠性直接关系到车辆的运行安全。为了测量轴桥在实际运用环境的真实载荷,以便对轴桥的服役性能进行评估,本文采用有限元单位载荷模型的应变与实测动态应变数据相结合,通过计算有限元单位载荷模型得到的单位应变,进而求出相关性矩阵,通过实测动态应变矩阵与相关性矩阵相乘识别出轴桥载荷。结果表明,识别出的轴桥载荷与真实的轴桥载荷误差可以控制2%以内,因此采用此方法可以非常准确的反求出轴桥真实载荷,并且可以推广到其它线性系统的零部件真实载荷识别。

The axle-bridge is the key component of the low-floor vehicle, and its performance reliability is directly related to safe operation of the vehicle. In order to measure the real load of the axle-bridge in the actual operating environment, so as to evaluate the service performance of the axle-bridge, in this paper the correlation matrix is obtained by calculating the unit strain based on a finite element unit load model which considers the combination of simulation strain and measured dynamic strain, then the axle-bridge load is identified by multiplying the measured dynamic strain matrix and the correlation matrix. The results show that the difference between the identified axle-bridge load and the real axle-bridge load can be controlled within 2%, so this method can be used to calculate the axle-bridge real load very accurately, and can be applied to other linear system for identifying the real loads.