危险驾驶行为刑法适用问题探析

On the Criminal Law Application in Dangerous Driving Behavior

危险驾驶行为能否适用刑法第114条是一个颇具争议的话题。否定论坚持行为标准说的立场,而肯定论主要持危险标准说的立场。这一争论主要源于对以下问题的认识分歧:危险驾驶罪是否包括具体危险犯,危险的相当性是否是抽象危险犯与具体危险犯的区分标准,如何理解危险驾驶罪的罪过形式。刑法第133条之一的规定包括抽象危险犯和具体危险犯两种情形;基于危险犯的立法及理论,具体危险与抽象危险之间并不存在实体上的区别,危险的紧迫性不能成为危险驾驶行为刑法适用的标准;危险驾驶罪的立法本意在于规制过失危险驾驶行为,故意危险驾驶行为应适用刑法第114条。

Whether Article 114 of criminal law can be applied to dangerous driving behavior is a controversial issue.The standpoint of negation is the theory of behavior standard,and the positivism mainly insists on the stand of dangerous standard.The above argument mainly stems from the differences of understanding on the following issues:Does the crime of dangerous driving include specific dangerous crime? Is the equivalence of danger the standard of distinguishing abstract dangerous crime from concrete dangerous crime?How to understand the fault form of dangerous driving crime? Article 133 one of the criminal law includes Abstract dangerous crime and concrete dangerous crime.According to the legislation and theory of dangerous crime,there is no substantial difference between concrete and abstract hazards,as a result,the urgency of danger can not be the applicable standard of criminal law for dangerous driving behavior.The legislative intention of dangerous driving crime is to regulate negligent dangerous driving behavior,and Article114 of criminal law should be applied to intentional dangerous driving.