计划行为理论护理在老年糖尿病患者中的应用效果

Application effects of planned behavior theory nursing in elderly patients with diabetes

目的:观察计划行为理论护理在老年糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法:选取84例老年糖尿病患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各42例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上实施计划行为理论护理,比较两组护理前和出院后6个月糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)评分、糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]水平和脂代谢指标[血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)]水平。结果:出院6个月,两组SDSCA评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组FPG、2hPG、HbA1c水平均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组TC、TG水平均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上应用计划行为理论护理可提高老年糖尿病患者SDSCA评分,以及降低糖代谢指标水平和脂代谢指标水平,效果优于单纯常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of planned behavior theory nursing in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods:84 elderly patients with diabetes were selected as the research objects and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,42 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given planned behavior theory nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The self-care behavior scale(SDSCA)score,the glucose metabolism index levels[fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)]and the lipid metabolism index levels[serum total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG)]before the nursing and 6 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results:6 months after discharge,the SDSCA scores of the two groups were higher than those before the nursing;that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group;and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of FPG,2hPG and HbA1c in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing;those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the levels of TC and TG in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing;those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:On the basis of the routine nursing,the application of the planned behavior theory nursing can improve the SDSCA scores of the elderly patients with diabetes,and reduce the levels of glucose metabolism indexes and the lipid metabolism indexes.Moreover,it is superior to simple routine nursing.