论行政公益诉讼审理制度的完善

On the Improvement of Trial System in Administrative Public-Interest Litigation

行政公益诉讼审理的直接法律依据近乎空白,司法解释不详,人们对《行政诉讼法》诸多审理规则能否适用于行政公益诉讼常处于困惑状态。本文依据《行政诉讼法》和公益诉讼司法解释,将提起行政公益诉讼的条件作为讨论起点,围绕对提起行政公益诉讼的审查和行政公益诉讼立案后的审理两个领域,阐述当下行政公益诉讼审理最为突出、颇有争议的系列问题,包括起诉条件的构成、是否应当存在起诉期限、审查起诉的方式与内容,以及是否可以适用一并审查、裁定驳回起诉、简易程序、调解、行政附带民事公益诉讼和撤诉等《行政诉讼法》的既有规定。在此基础上,对公益诉讼司法解释与法律规则的完善提出具体方案。

The direct legal basis for the trial of administrative public-interest litigation(APIL)is nearly none,and the corresponding judicial interpretation is vague,thus people are confused about whether numerous trial rules in Administrative Litigation Law of China(ALL)can be applicable to administrative public-interest litigation.In accordance with the ALL and the relevant judicial interpretation on public-interest litigation,this paper begins with discussing the conditions for initiating APIL,and with focus on two fields of the review of initiating APIL and the trial after the case filing of APIL,expounds a series of most prominent and controversial issues over the trial of APIL such as the conditions for initiating suits,the necessity of imposing time limitation of initiating such litigation,the way and content of reviewing the initiation of litigation,and the possibility of applying existing provisions of ALL such combined review,rejecting the initiation of litigation by ruling,summary procedures,mediation,civil public-interest litigation incidental to an administrative litigation and withdrawal of litigation.On this basis,specific suggestions are put forward to improve the judicial interpretation and relevant laws on public-interest litigation.