跨国移民多维度认同边界的建构——以东京池袋华侨经营者为例

Boundary Construction in Multi-dimensional Identification among Transnational Immigrants

全球化时代跨国移民的“超级多样性”使得以“群体主义”为前提的同化-多元化二元论失去了其对流动的、多样化的移民身份认同的解释力。本文受边界建构范式的启发,以东京池袋华侨经营者为研究对象,探讨移民如何在不同关系情境下利用各种象征符号建构自我认同的边界。研究发现,虽然华侨经营者都明确地认同中国人身份,但该身份在不同情境下的显著度有差异。只有在亲密朋友关系中,以族群性为基础的国族认同才是划分自我/他者的核心标准;而在家庭关系、工作伙伴关系和陌生人关系中,行动者遵循其他叙事逻辑来构建个人认同。本研究是一个文化社会学的实践,旨在对同化-多元化二元论进行批判性继承。

The“super-diversity”in transnational immigration in the era of globalization renders the“assimilation vs. diversification”dualism premised on“groupism”inadequate in explaining the identities of the mobile and diverse immigrants. Inspired by the boundary construction paradigm, this paper takes the Chinese business operators in Ikebukuro, Tokyo as the object of study to explore how immigrants use various symbols to construct the boundary of self-identity in different relational contexts. Our study found that although Chinese people clearly identify themselves as Chinese, the significance of this identity varies in different contexts. Only in the circle of close friends is ethnically-based national identity the core criterion dividing in-group and out-group. In the circles of family, co-workers, and strangers, people follow other logic to construct personal identity. This study may be considered a practice in cultural sociology aiming to provide a critical reflection on the “assimilation vs. diversification” dualism.