教育能提高中国化肥利用效率吗?——基于不同类型教育的实证

Can Education Improve the Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency in China? Empirical Research Based on Different Types of Education

提高化肥利用效率是促进中国农业绿色转型和乡村生态文明建设的重要举措。利用2002~2016年的省际面板数据,深入系统地研究了不同类型教育对化肥利用效率的影响,并在此基础上进一步探讨了不同类型教育对中国不同地区和不同类型农作物化肥利用效率的影响。研究表明:(1)全国层面上,学历教育和非学历教育都能有效提高化肥利用效率,两者并无明显差异。(2)分地区来看,学历教育能够显著提高东部和西部地区化肥利用效率,但非学历教育仅能提高西部地区化肥利用效率而不能提高东部地区化肥利用效率,并且学历教育和非学历教育对中部地区化肥利用效率的促进作用都不明显。(3)学历教育和非学历教育都能有效提高粮食作物的化肥利用效率,但非学历教育相较于学历教育更能有效提高经济作物的化肥利用效率。

Improving fertilizer utilization efficiency is an important measure to promote the green transformation of agriculture and the construction of rural ecological civilization in China.Based on the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2016,this paper deeply and systematically studies the impact of different types of education on fertilizer utilization efficiency,and further discusses the impact of different types of education on fertilizer utilization efficiency of different regions and different types of crops in China.The results show that:Firstly,at the national level,both academic education and non-academic education can effectively improve fertilizer utilization efficiency,and there is no significant difference between them.Secondly,in terms of regions,academic education can significantly improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the eastern and western regions,but non-academic education can only improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the western region,but not in the eastern region,and the promotion effect of academic education and non-academic education on the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the central region is not obvious.Thirdly,Both academic education and non-academic education can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency of grain crops,but the non academic education can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency of economic crops.