激光在地质监测和岩性识别中的应用综述

Review on application of laser data in lithological identification

三维激光扫描技术能够快速获取物体表面海量三维坐标数据,包括刻画目标几何信息的空间三维点和刻画目标材质信息的激光反射强度。将激光扫描测量技术用于地质监测时,可以完成对地形测量、灾害监测和变形监测的实际应用,并能提供滑坡预警与研究区的总体趋势变化;应用于岩性识别时,可以直接识别特定波段下的不同岩性特征,并通过处理和校正强度数据、增强与分割点云数据来进一步提高岩性识别的准确度与适用范围,也为后续的资源勘探与地质建模提供良好的理论与实践基础。在未来,激光数据与其他类型数据的良性耦合必将使得激光在地质领域中的应用范围变得更加广泛。

When laser is applied to three-dimensional laser scanning techniques,it is possible to quickly obtain three-dimensional coordinate data,including geometric information and laser intensity of the target.When laser scanning measurement technology is used in the field of geological monitoring,it can complete its practical application,disaster monitoring and deformation monitoring,and can provide landslide warning and general trend changes in research area.When it’s applied to the field of lithology identification,it can be directly used to identify different lithology characteristics under a specific waveband,and further improve accuracy and universality of lithology recognition.Through laser scanning,the processing and correction of intensity data,and the enhancement and segmentation of point cloud data can be used for providing subsequent resource exploration and geological construction model with a good theoretical and practical basis.In the future,the coupling of laser data with other types of data will surely enable lasers to be widely used in geological fields.