二肽基肽酶4抑制药改善2型糖尿病视网膜病变的研究现状

Research status of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in improving type 2 diabetic retinopathy

二肽基肽酶4(DPP-4)抑制药是一类基于肠促胰素的新型口服降糖药物,其还可以通过改善视网膜血管内皮功能、保护血视网膜屏障完整性、预防并减轻视网膜的炎症和氧化应激反应等,从而发挥独特的视网膜保护功能。本文将通过总结DPP-4抑制药治疗2型糖尿病视网膜病变的机制,进而介绍近年来在我国已经上市的5种常见DPP-4抑制药(西格列汀、维格列汀、沙格列汀、阿格列汀、利格列汀)的药代动力学,以及从已批准上市和在研2个方面归纳DPP-4抑制药的临床研究现状,从而较全面地对新型降糖药物DPP-4抑制药改善2型糖尿病视网膜病变的研究现状做一综述。

Objective Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4) inhibitors were a class of novel oral hypoglycemic drugs based on incretin, which were used to treat type 2 diabetes mainly by promoting insulin secretion, increasing glucose tolerance and reducing insulin resistance. DPP-4 inhibitors also played a protective role in retina, such as improving retinal vascular endothelial function, protecting the integrity of blood retinal barrier, preventing and reducing retinal inflammation and oxidative stress response, etc., which played a unique retinal protective role. In this paper, the pharmacokinetics of 5 common DPP-4 inhibitors(sitagliptin, vigliptin, saxagliptin, alagliptin and ligagliptin) that have been marketed in China in recent years will be introduced by summarizing the mechanism of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetic retinopathy. In addition, the clinical research status of DPP-4 inhibitors was summarized from the two aspects of approved marketing and in research, so as to comprehensively review the research status of DPP-4 inhibitors in improving type 2 diabetic retinopathy.