二氧化碳地质封存与增产油/气/热利用技术中关键热质传递问题研究进展

Research progress on heat and mass transfer in carbon geological storage and enhanced oil/gas/geothermal recovery technology

碳捕集、利用与封存技术(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)是指将CO_(2)从能源利用、工业生产或大气中分离出来,经过提纯运送到可利用或封存场地,以实现被捕集的CO_(2)与大气长期分离的技术。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)近期在报告中指出:CCUS技术是碳减排与碳中和的“foundation”技术。在我国碳达峰碳中和的“双碳”目标大背景下,CCUS技术被认为是我国实现碳中和目标不可或缺的关键性技术之一。该文对国际、国内主要研究团队和作者研究团队近年来在CO_(2)地质封存、增产致密油/页岩气/深层地热开采过程中的关键热质传递问题研究进行了综述,通过理论分析,利用分子动力学、格子Boltzmann、计算流体力学等模拟方法,和微观孔隙尺度可视化实验、岩心尺度核磁共振实验、超临界压力流体对流换热实验等实验手段,从不同尺度阐述了储层条件下超临界CO_(2)在微纳多孔结构中多相多组分流动与热质传递机理,分析了矿物反应、降压析出、流体变物性、尺度效应等对CO_(2)地质封存和驱油、驱气、采热过程中的影响规律,从而为CO_(2)地质封存和利用的应用提供理论和技术支撑。

Carbon capture, utilization and storage(CCUS) refers to the separation of CO_(2)from energy utilization systems, industrial production or the atmosphere followed by purification and transport to facilities using CO_(2)or to storage sites to achieve long-term separation of the CO_(2)from the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) recently stated that CCUS systems are a “foundation” technology for carbon emission reduction and carbon neutrality. CCUS technologies are indispensable key technologies in China’s “two-carbon” goal for a carbon neutral China. This paper reviews the key heat and mass transfer issues for carbon dioxide geological storage, CO_(2)enhanced tight oil/shale gas/deep geothermal energy recovery in recent years by major international and domestic research groups including the authors’ research group. These studies have used theoretical analyses, simulation methods including molecular dynamics, lattice Boltzmann, and computational fluid dynamics, as well as experimental methods including pore-scale visualization experiments, core-scale nuclear magnetic resonance investigations, and supercritical pressure fluid convection heat transfer investigations. These studies have analyzed the multiphase, multicomponent flow and heat and mass transfer mechanisms of supercritical CO_(2)in micro-nano porous structures for reservoir conditions at various scales. The influences of mineral reaction, CO_(2)exsolution, fluid physical properties, and scale effects on the CO_(2)geological storage, oil displacement, gas displacement, and heat recovery have been analyzed to provide theoretical and technical support for CO_(2)geological storage and utilization.