摘要
提升环境效率是促进我国经济与环境可持续发展与高质量发展的重要内容。为探讨产业集聚对环境效率的影响,以我国30个省份为研究区域,利用Undesirable-SBM模型及赫希曼-赫芬达尔指数(HHI)测度了2006—2017年我国30个省份的环境效率及产业集聚水平,结合能源消耗结构、城镇化、科技水平等关联因素,分析各因素对环境效率影响的空间效应。结果表明:1)我国环境效率值在研究期间总体偏低,东部、中部、西部地区有明显差距,东部地区环境效率值最高,西部地区最低,结论与其产业集聚水平相契合,东部产业集聚水平最高,西部产业集聚水平最低,中部地区产业集聚水平低于全国平均水平;2)环境效率与关联变量皆通过了双变量空间自相关检验,表明环境效率对产业集聚水平、能源消费结构、城镇化水平以及科技水平的空间溢出效应显著;3)产业集聚对环境效率的影响呈现明显的区域差距,东部地区产业集聚对环境效率的“高限效应”已经显现,进一步产业集聚将阻碍该地区环境效率的提高,中西部地区产业集聚对环境效率具有正向影响,进一步产业集聚有助于该地区环境效率的改善,因为中西部地区第二产业比重较大,能源密集型产业较多,产业集聚所带来的交易成本、运输成本降低,使得企业有更富足的资金投入污染物处理中,同时产业聚集带来扩散效应,使得能源节约效应开始显现;4)优化能源消费结构对环境效率存在显著的正向空间溢出效应,通过优化能源消费结构可改善以一次能源消耗为主的局面,从而减少高耗能资源的消耗,提高环境效率;5)科技水平对环境效率的影响呈现区域差异,在东部地区科技水平能显著提高其环境效率值,在中西部地区则并不明显,科技是第一生产力,要因地制宜,以科技创新驱动环境效率的提升。据此,提出了相关政策建议,以期为我国经济高质量发展提供一定参考。
Improving environmental efficiency is a key to China’s quality and sustainable development of economy and environment. This paper, based on China’s 30 provinces during 2006 to 2017, uses Undesirable-SBM model and HHI to measure their environmental efficiencies and industrial agglomeration from energy consumption structures, urbanization and technical levels. Results suggest that China’s environmental efficiencies are generally low, varying in the eastern, central and western, highest in the eastern and lowest in the western, consistent with their industrial agglomeration levels. Central China is below the average in industrial agglomeration. Environmental efficiencies and related variables passes the dual spatial auto-correlation tests, suggesting an outstanding spatial overflowing of environmental efficiency on industrial agglomeration level, energy consumption structure, urbanization level and technical level. Impacts of industrial agglomeration on environmental efficiency vary with regions;high-limited effect emerging in the eastern that higher industrial agglomeration will impede its environmental efficiency, positive in central and western that higher industrial agglomeration will improve their environmental efficiencies, because the 2 nd industry has a larger proportion and there are vast energy extensive industries, industrial agglomeration deceases the trading and transporting costs, leaving companies capital in handling pollution, and also brings expansion leading to energy saving effect. Optimizing energy consumption structure exerts a positive spatial overflowing on environmental efficiency through changing the one-time energy consumption thus reducing the highly-energy-consuming industries. Impacts of technical level on environmental efficiency vary with regions, obviously positively in eastern, but not in central and western. This paper presents policy suggestions that appropriately technical innovation boost environmental efficiency, aiming at providing references for China’s quality economic development.
作者
郑小强
蒲泱竹
ZHENG Xiaoqiang;PU Yangzhu(School of Economics and Management,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)
出处
《资源与产业》
2022年第2期97-107,共11页
Resources & Industries
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(18XGJ001)。