恶性间皮瘤诊断相关循环生物标志物的研究进展

Research Progress on Circulating Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma

恶性间皮瘤是一种原发于浆膜表面,侵犯胸膜、腹膜、鞘膜和心包的恶性肿瘤,由于缺乏特异的临床症状,只有不到5%患者能在早期确诊。因此,亟需寻找安全有效简便的早期诊断方法。目前,蛋白及相关代谢产物如可溶性间皮素相关肽、巨核细胞促进因子、骨桥蛋白等已经得到广泛研究。近年来,蛋白质组学的兴起,人们相继发现了纤蛋白-3、高迁移率分组盒1等潜在的生物标志物。同时,基因组学研究发现微小RNA,如miR-126、miR-103、miR-92a等,作为稳定的内源性物质常在癌症中失调,可作为检测恶性间皮瘤的重要生物标志物。全文从蛋白质及代谢产物、基因组学两方面入手,介绍其在恶性间皮瘤中的特点及现状,并就近年来研究的有应用前景的循环生物标志物进行综述。

Malignant mesothelioma is a malignant tumor primarily found on the serosal surface,which can invade the pleura,peritoneum,tunica vaginalis and pericardium.Due to lack of specific clinical symptoms,less than 5% of the patients can be diagnosed early.Therefore,a safe,effective and simple method for early diagnosis is urged.Circulating biomarkers are rich in types and can be used as non-invasive diagnostic method with great value.At present,proteins and related metabolites such as soluble mesothelin related proteins,megakaryocyte promoting factor,osteopontin have been extensively studied.In recent years,the rise of proteomics has led to the discovery of potential biomarkers such as fibrin-3 and high mobility group box 1.At the same time,the genomics studies have found that microRNAs,such as miR-126,miR-103 and miR-92a,as stable endogenous substances,are often maladjusted in cancer and can be used as important biomarkers for the detection of malignant mesothelioma.This article introduces the characteristics of proteins,metabolites and genomics in malignant mesothelioma,and summarizes the promising circulating biomarkers of mesothelioma studied in recent years.