科技伦理治理的新型发展观探析

Research on A New View of Development for Ethical Governance of Science and Technology

科技伦理治理旨在完善公共政策的伦理向度,对科技创新活动进行有效的伦理规约。但既有的发展观念与科技演进的历史往往呈现出发展与治理二者割裂的倾向。当代科学技术所带来的发展具备三个突出特征:“科技的内在发展属性”、“科技发展的不确定性”和“科技发展对象的转变”,这三者成为目前科技伦理治理的主要挑战。在此研究基础上,本文提出“反思性发展观”这一新型发展理念,这一理念消解了发展与治理的对立关系,以“价值的共识塑造”为核心,以“集体性的磋商”为基础与原则,具体内涵主要包括“前瞻性的预见”、“实时性的评估”和“系统性的调整”,并以发展为核心形成了治理新规则,同时以治理为引导塑造了发展新路径,是我国科技事业健康发展需要加以重视的新型发展观念。

The ethical governance of S&T aims to improve the ethical dimension of public policies and to provide effective ethical regulation of S&T innovation activities.However,the established concept of development and the history of the evolution of S&T often present a fragmented relationship tendency between development and governance.The development brought about by contemporary S&T has three distinctive features:“the intrinsic developmental properties of S&T”,“the uncertainty of S&T development”and“the transformation of the objects of S&T development”。These three are the main challenges of ethical governance of science and technology.Based on this research,this paper proposes a new development concept of “reflective development”,which dissolves the antagonistic relationship between development and governance,with“consensus shaping of values” as the core and “collective consultation” as the basis and principle.The specific connotation mainly includes “forward-looking foresight”,“real-time assessment” and “systematic adjustment”.It forms new rules of governance with development as the core,and the new path of development which is shaped by governance.It is a new concept of development that needs to be taken seriously for the healthy development of science and technology in China.