三维绿量空间分布对植物群落夏季降温增湿效果的影响——以怀化市公园绿地为例

The influence of three-dimensional green biomass spatial distribution on cooling and humidifying effect of plant community in summer:taking the park green space of Huaihua City as an example

分析了三维绿量对怀化市城市公园和郊野公园绿地48个典型植物群落夏季11:00—15:00时间段降温、增湿的影响。结果表明:植物群落高度、分层数、总三维绿量密度、乔木三维绿量密度、灌木三维绿量密度与降温率和增湿率呈显著正相关,地被植物三维绿量密度与降温率和增湿率呈显著负相关;当乔木三维绿量密度接近9.9 m^(3)/m^(2)时,降温率可达到22.23%;当群落高度接近18.0 m时,降温率达到20.44%;当乔木三维绿量密度接近11.08 m^(3)/m^(2)时,增湿率达到65.64%;当群落高度接近22.3m时,增湿率达到65.10%。与郊野公园相比,城市公园植物群落高度、分层数、总三维绿量密度均偏小,因而日均降温率和增湿率偏低。

The effects of three-dimensional green biomass on cooling and humidification of 48 typical plant communities among green spaces in urban and suburban parks of Huaihua city during 11:00-15:00 in summer were analyzed. The results show that the height of plant community, the number of layers, the total three-dimensional green biomass density,the three-dimensional green biomass density of trees and the three-dimensional green biomass density of shrubs are significantly positively correlated with the cooling and humidification rate, while the three-dimensional green biomass density of ground cover plants is significantly negatively correlated with the cooling and humidification rate. When the three-dimensional green biomass density of trees is close to 9.9 m^(3)/m^(2), the cooling rate reaches 22.23%. When the height of plant community is close to 18.0 m, the cooling rate reaches 20.44%. When the three-dimensional green biomass density of trees is close to 11.08 m^(3)/m^(2), the humidification rate reaches 65.64%. When the height of plant community is close to 22.3 m, the humidification rate reaches 65.10%. Compared with suburban parks, urban parks have lower plant community height, less layers and smaller total three-dimensional green biomass density, thus lower average daily cooling rate and humidification rate.