超级J/ψ工厂里的“子弹”--研究反中子、超子与核相互作用的新方法

Using the“bullets”in a future super J/ψfactory to study the interaction of antineutrons and hyperons with nuclei

物理学家通过使用微小的亚原子“子弹”轰击研究对象来研究亚原子世界。根据这些“子弹”从目标弹回的方式,人们可以推断出有关目标结构的大量详细信息。不同种类的亚原子“子弹”探测目标的不同方面信息,将原子核内部核子结合在一起的力的某些重要信息只能通过发射反中子和超子来研究,这些粒子通常被认为是很难产生和控制的。然而近期有研究表明,这些稀有的粒子可以通过“超级J/ψ工厂”大量产生。通过标记J/ψ衰变产生的反中子、超子或反超子,并用其轰击探测器中心附近的靶物质,可以研究从原子核到中子星结构相关的物理过程。这项“黑天鹅技术”为粒子物理、核物理学以及天体物理学和医学物理学开辟了新的研究途径。

Physicists investigate the subatomic world by bombarding their subject of study with a hail of tiny subatomic“bullets”.From the way these“bullets”bounce off their target we can infer a wealth of detailed information about the target’s structure.Different kinds of subatomic“bullets”probe different aspects of the target;certain important aspects of the force holding atomic nuclei together can only be investigated by shooting particles called antineutrons and hyperons,which are believed to be very difficult to produce and control.However these usually rare particles can be produced in copious amounts and easily launched as a spinoff in a“super J/ψfactory”.This opens fresh research opportunities in particle and nuclear physics,as well as in astrophysics and medical physics,requiring no additional infrastructure.