摘要
The leaching behavior of Tunceli malachite mineral was investigated in nitric acid solutions by two steps to evaluate the effect of various experimental parameters.In the first step,the optimal conditions for the leaching process were determined,while in the second step,a kinetic evaluation for the process was performed.In the optimization experiments,the concentration of nitric acid,temperature,stirring speed,and solid-to-liquid ratio were selected as the independent variables,and the central composite design method(CCD)was applied to the experimental data.At the end of the experiments,the optimal values for the concentration of nitric acid,temperature,solid-to-liquid ratio and stirring speed were determined to be 0.5 mol/L,50℃,0.004 g/m L and 500 r/min,respectively.Under the optimal conditions,the leaching rate was found to be 99%for 120 min of reaction time.In the kinetic evaluation tests,the effects of the concentration of nitric acid,temperature,stirring speed,solid-to-liquid ratio and particle size on the leaching rate of copper from malachite were investigated.In these tests,it was determined that the leaching rate increased with the increase in the temperature,acid concentration and stirring speed,and with the decrease in the particle size and solid-to-liquid ratio.In consequence of the kinetic analysis,it was observed that the leaching kinetics followed the mixed kinetic model,and a mathematical model for the leaching process was introduced.The activation energy for this process was calculated to be 36.23 k J/mol.
研究Tunceli孔雀石矿物在硝酸溶液中的溶出行为,以评估各种实验参数的影响。研究为分两个阶段。在第一步中,确定浸出过程的最佳条件,而在第二步中,对该过程进行动力学评估。在优化实验中,以硝酸浓度、温度、搅拌速度和固液比为自变量,采用中心组合设计法(CCD)获得实验数据。确定硝酸浓度、温度、固液比和搅拌速度的最佳值分别为0.5 mol/L、50℃、0.004 g/m L和500 r/min。在最佳条件下,120 min反应时间的浸出率为99%。在动力学评价测试中,研究硝酸浓度、温度、搅拌速度、固液比和粒度对孔雀石中铜浸出率的影响。在这些试验中,确定浸出率随着温度、酸浓度和搅拌速度的增加以及粒度和固液比的降低而增加。通过动力学分析,观察到浸出动力学遵循混合动力学模型,并引入浸出过程的数学模型。经计算,该过程的活化能为36.23 k J/mol。
作者
Mehmet Kayra TANAYDIN
Zümra BakıcıTANAYDIN
Nizamettin DEMIRKIRAN
Mehmet Kayra TANAYDIN;Zümra BakıcıTANAYDIN;Nizamettin DEMIRKIRAN(Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processes,Munzur University,Tunceli Vocation School,62000,Tunceli,Turkey;Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center,Munzur University,62000,Tunceli,Turkey;Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts,Faculty of Fine Arts,Munzur University,62000,Tunceli,Turkey;Department of Chemical Engineering,Faculty of Engineering,Inonu University,44280,Malatya,Turkey)
基金
supported by Munzur University Scientific Investigations Project Unit(PPMUB018-13)。
