健康教育在血吸虫病护理中的应用研究

Research on Application of Health Education in Schistosomiasis Nursing

目的:探讨健康教育在血吸虫病护理中的应用效果。方法:收集2020年1月-2021年1月湖南省职业病防治院治疗的50例血吸虫病患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,各25例。常规组患者给予常规护理,如建立血吸虫病健康档案,给予常规用药护理和日常护理,出院后电话随访等。试验组在对照组基础上重点加强健康教育,即全面了解患者,进行个性化健康指导,耐心答疑,注意保暖,预防感冒,加强运动和饮食指导等。比较两组患者效果。结果:两组患者健康教育后试验组总有效率为96.0%,对照组为76.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者健康教育前焦虑和抑郁评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组健康教育后焦虑和抑郁评分均优于健康教育前,且试验组焦虑和抑郁评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者健康教育前生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组健康教育后生活质量各项评分均优于健康教育前,且试验组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:健康教育可明显降低血吸虫病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高生活质量,值得临床推广。

Objective: To explore the application effect of health education in schistosomiasis nursing. Methods: Fifty schistosomiasis patients treated in Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases between January 2020and January 2021 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 25 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing, including establishing health record of schistosomiasis, routine medication and daily nursing, as well as telephone follow-up after discharge. On the basis of the control group, the experimental group was given strengthening health education,that is,comprehensive understanding of patients,personalized health guidance,patiently answering questions,paying attention to warm,preventing colds,strengthening exercise and diet guidance.The effect in patients of two groups was compared. Results: After health education, the total effective rate was 96.0% in the experimental group and 76.0% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the scores of anxiety and depression between the two groups before health education(P>0.05);the scores of anxiety and depression after health education in both groups were better than those before health education,and the scores of anxiety and depression in the experimental group were better than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups before health education(P>0.05);the quality of life scores in the two groups after health education were better than those before health education, and the experimental group was better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: Health education can significantly reduce the anxiety and depression moods in schistosomiasis patients and improve their quality of life,which is worthy of clinical promotion.