新型基础设施投资能否降低雾霾污染?——理论机制与经验证据

Can New Infrastructure Investment Reduce Haze Pollution?Based on Theoretical Mechanism and Empirical Evidence

基础设施投资是中国经济持续高速增长的先行资本,也是引发地区雾霾污染的重要推手,而当前中国新型基础设施建设蓬勃发展,其产生的环境效应尚待考察。在理论分析的基础上,基于2003—2018年中国30个省级面板数据,通过构建空间面板计量模型,探讨新型基础设施投资对雾霾污染的影响。研究发现:(1)中国的雾霾污染具有明显的空间正相关性;(2)新型基础设施投资对雾霾污染的直接效应与空间溢出效应均为负;(3)新型基础设施投资对雾霾污染的影响存在时间与区域异质性;(4)新型基础设施投资可以通过技术进步、结构转型与规模经济缓解本地与邻近地区的雾霾污染。在推进新型基础设施建设过程中,应注重投资结构的优化与质量的提高,充分发挥其自身的减霾效应,促进中国经济高质量发展。

Infrastructure investment is not only the leading capital for China's sustained and rapid economic growth,but also an important driver of regional haze pollution.At present,China's new infrastructure construction is booming,and its environmental effects have yet to be investigated.On the basis of theoretical analysis,and based on 30 provincial panel data in China from 2003 to 2018,a spatial panel econometric model is constructed to explore the impact of new infrastructure investment on haze pollution.The research has found that:(1)China's haze pollution has obvious positive spatial correlation.(2)The direct and spatial spillover effects of new infrastructure investment on haze pollution are both negative.(3)There are time and regional heterogeneity in the impact of new infrastructure investment on haze pollution.(4)New infrastructure investment can alleviate local and neighboring haze pollution through technological progress,structural transformation and economies of scale.In the process of advancing the construction of new infrastructure,the optimization of investment structure and the improvement of quality should be focused on,its own haze reduction effect should be given full play to,and the high-quality development of my country's economy should be promoted.