系统论视野下城市治理的复杂性分析

Complexity Analysis of Urban Governance from Perspective of System Theory

在城市化进程日益深化的客观规律下,城市作为人类生活的主要空间,发挥着满足人类物质生活和精神需要的重要作用。由于城市规模日益扩大,不可控因素增多,城市面临着越来越复杂的治理问题,亟需一个整体、系统的思维来认识城市治理中的复杂性。在系统论指导下,运用系统科学的分析方法,从城市治理客体的复杂性、城市治理主体的复杂性和城市治理状态的复杂性三个维度进行城市治理的复杂性分析,认为城市系统的结构复杂性、演变复杂性、集成复杂性以及对其认知的复杂性是导致城市治理客体的复杂性的关键因素;城市治理主体诉求多元性和主体协调复杂性是导致城市治理主体的复杂性的关键因素;城市治理目标功能复杂性和城市外部环境与风险的复杂性是导致城市治理状态的复杂性的关键因素。通过对城市治理复杂性的分析,有助于全面认识城市治理的规律,为良好的城市治理实践奠定科学的认知基础。

Under the objective law of the deepening process of urbanization,cities,as the main space of human life,play an important role in meeting the material and spiritual needs of human life.Due to the increasing scale of cities and the increase of uncontrollable factors,cities are facing more and more complex governance problems.It is urgent to understand the complexity of urban governance with overall and systematic thinking.Under the guidance of system theory and using the analysis method of system science,this paper analyzes the complexity of urban governance from three dimensions:the complexity of urban governance object,the complexity of urban governance subject and the complexity of governance state.In detail,the structural complexity,evolution complexity,integration complexity and cognitive complexity of the urban system are the key factors leading to the complexity of urban governance objects.The diversity of the demands of urban governance subjects and the complexity of subject coordination are the key factors leading to the complexity of urban governance subjects.The complexity of urban target function and the complexity of urban external environment and risk are the key factors leading to the complexity of governance state.Through the analysis of the complexity of urban governance,it is helpful to comprehensively understand the law of urban governance and lay a scientific cognitive foundation for good urban governance practice.