天坛公园鸟类资源调查

The Temple of Heaven bird resources survey

【目的】为天坛公园的绿化养护、生态保护、科普宣传等提供更加科学的依据。【方法】采用样点法和样线法,对天坛公园野生鸟类资源进行了21次调查。【结果】共记录鸟类127种,隶属于13目38科,占北京市有记录鸟类种数493种的25.76%,麻雀(Passer montanus)、灰喜鹊(Cyanopica cyanus)为优势种。其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物2种,为乌雕(Clanga clanga)和猎隼(Falco cherrug);国家Ⅱ重点保护动物18种,为赤腹鹰(Accipiter soloensis)、苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)等;北京市一级保护动物17种,为鸿雁(Anser cygnoid)、普通夜鹰(Caprimulgus indicus)等;北京市一级保护动物52种,为绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)、戴胜(Upupa epops)等;国家保护的有益、有重要经济、有科学研究价值的陆生野生动物92种,并对鸟种在北京地区与天坛公园的居留差异进行了对比分析。【结论】调查结果证实了天坛公园是野生鸟类在城市中重要的栖息地,天坛公园具有保护野生鸟类的重要生态功能。

[Objective]Investigate to understand the bird resources in 2020 to provide basic data for the research;[Method]From January to December 2020, we performed 21 times surveys using point-sample method and line-sample method;[Results]127 species of birds were recorded, belonging to 13 orders and 38 families, accounting for 25.76% of 493 recorded bird species in Beijing, with sparrow(Passer montanus) and grey magpie(Cyanopica cyanus) as dominant species. Among others, there are 2 kinds of national class I key protected animals: black eagle(Clanga clanga) and Falcon Hunting(Falco cherrug). There are 18 species of animals under the national key protection, such as Red belly eagle(Accipiter soloensis),goshawk(Accipiter gentilis),etc. 17 kinds of first-class protected animals in Beijing, such as the swan goose(Anser cygnoid), the ordinary nighthawk(Caprimulgus indicus), etc. There are 52 kinds of first-class protected animals in Beijing, such as Green head duck(Anas platyrhynchos), Dai Sheng(Upupa epops), etc. There are 92 kinds of "Three have" animals [ "Three have" animals: they have important economic and scientific research values, are beneficial terrestrial wildlife under national protection.] We also analyzed the residence differences between bird species in Beijing and in The Temple of Heaven Park.[Conclusion]The results confirm that it is an important habitat for wild birds in the city and has an important ecological function of protecting wild birds.