学校场域视角下校园欺凌的诱因与干预措施

Incentives and Interventions of School Bullying from Perspective of School Field

学校是青少年实现个体社会化和个性化协调发展的重要场域,打造阳光、安全校园是社会以及亿万家庭的共同诉求,然而频频发生的校园欺凌事件却让学校教育教学面临重重挑战。学校场域中规章制度的过度“规训”、教师教育惩戒权不明、师生课堂交往的失衡、同伴群体对游戏规则的漠视以及家庭场域中不良惯习的迁移都会促使校园欺凌的滋生,通过加强学校规章制度的育人因素、明确教师治理校园欺凌的权利与义务、重构师生交往的良性环境、转变同伴群体对校园欺凌的态度、建立学校与家庭场域的联动机制来优化学校场域环境,以期发挥学校场域在校园欺凌治理中的独特价值与重要作用。

School is an important field for teenagers to realize the coordinated development of individual socialization and individuation.To create a sunny and safe campus is the common appeal of the society and hundreds of millions of families.However,the frequent occurrence of bullying incidents makes school education and teaching face many challenges.The excessive“discipline”of the rules and regulations in the school field,the unclear power of teachers education and punishment,the imbalance of classroom communication between teachers and students,the indifference of peer groups to the rules of the game and the migration of bad habits in the family field will all contribute to the initiation of school bullying.Only by strengthening the educational factors of school rules and regulations,clarifying the rights and obligations of teachers to control school bullying,reconstructing the benign environment of teachers and students,changing the peer attitude towards school bullying,and establishing the linkage mechanism of school and family field,does the unique value and important role of school field in school bullying management work.