太平洋战争爆发前毛泽东反对绥靖主义的历史考察

A Historical Survey of Mao Zedong’s Opposition to Appeasement Before the Outbreak of the Pacific War

太平洋战争爆发前,毛泽东多次发表谈话、演讲、社论等,对英美政府的绥靖主义行径进行抵制,从批评美国孤立主义者“不应隔岸观火”、英国政府“推行的妥协政策帮助了法西斯势力的扩张”,到揭露东方慕尼黑阴谋是完全损人利己的“坐山观虎斗”,必将“搬起石头打自己的脚”,再到揭穿、反对日美策动的东方慕尼黑新阴谋,奉劝美国“绝不应听信日本的阴谋,与日本订立任何的妥协”。以上诸多论述体现了毛泽东在维护国家利益问题上的坚定立场,也凸显了其在安全问题上坚持和平不可分割,反对以邻为壑的主张。毛泽东反对绥靖主义为中国抗日战争的胜利营造了有利的外部环境。

Before the outbreak of the Pacific war,Mao Zedong made many speeches and editorials to resist the appeasement of the British and American governments.Such as criticism about the US isolationists“should not stand idly by”and the British government“pursued a policy of compromise that helped the spread of fascism”,or to expose the Far Eastern Munich conspiracy is“sitting on a mountain and watching tigers fight”which will“lift a rock and hit oneself in the foot”,or to expose and oppose the new Far Eastern Munich plot inspired by Japan and the United States and to advise the United States to“never listen to the Japanese plot and make any compromise with Japan”.The above discussions reflects Mao Zedong’s firm stand on safeguarding national interests and highlight his insistence on the indivisibility of peace and opposition to beggar-thy-neighbor propositions on security issues.Mao Zedong’s opposition to appeasement created a favorable external environment for China’s victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.