呼吸康复护理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者运动耐力及呼吸困难指数的影响

Effect of Respiratory Rehabilitation Nursing Intervention on Exercise Tolerance and Dyspnea Index in Patients with COPD

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者应用呼吸康复护理干预对其运动耐力及呼吸困难指数的影响。方法:随机选择2019年8月-2021年4月长沙市第四医院收治的68例COPD患者,根据护理方式的不同,分为康复组和常规组,各34例。常规组实施常规护理,在此基础上,康复组实施呼吸康复护理干预。干预前、干预后30 d,比较两组6 min步行试验(6MWT)、动脉血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、心率(HR)、气短指数、COPD分级评分(mMRC)、潮气量(TV)、肺活量(LV);第1秒用力肺活量(FEV_(1))、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)、血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))及血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))。结果:干预后,两组6MWT、SpO_(2)、HR、mMRC评分、TV、LV、FEV_(1)、MVV、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)均上升,且康复组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组气短指数、PaCO_(2)均下降,且康复组低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:COPD患者用呼吸康复护理干预,效果确切,可增强其运动耐力,改善肺通气功能,调节血气分析指标,减轻其呼吸困难状态。

Objective:To explore the effect of respiratory rehabilitation nursing intervention on exercise tolerance and dyspnea index in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Method:A total of 68 patients with COPD admitted to Changsha Fourth Hospital from August 2019 to April 2021 were divided into rehabilitation group and routine group by nursing method,34 cases in each.The routine group carried out routine nursing,on this basis,the rehabilitation group carried out respiratory rehabilitation nursing intervention.Six-minute walking test(6MWT),arterial pulse oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),heart rate(HR),shortness of breath index,COPD grade scores(mMRC),tidal volume(TV)and vital capacity(LV),forced vital capacity at 1 s(FEV_(1)),maximal ventilation per minute(MVV),partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))and pulse oxygen saturation(SaO_(2))in two groups were compared before and 30 days after intervention.Result:After intervention,6MWT,SpO_(2),HR,mMRC scores,TV,LV,FEV_(1),MVV,PaO_(2)and SaO_(2)increased in the two groups,and the rehabilitation group were higher than the conventional group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),shortness of breath index,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))decreased in the two groups,and the rehabilitation group were lower than the conventional group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of respiratory rehabilitation nursing intervention on COPD patients is definite,which can enhance exercise endurance,improve pulmonary ventilation function,regulate blood gas analysis index and reduce dyspnea.