某模具生产企业员工2种模式职业紧张对职业倦怠影响分析

Influence of occupational stress in two models on job burnout of employees in a mold production enterprise

目的 探讨2种模式职业紧张对某模具生产企业员工职业倦怠的影响。方法 采用判断抽样方法,选择某模具生产企业的457名员工作为研究对象,分别采用《Maslach职业倦怠调查普适量表》《工作内容问卷》《付出-回报失衡问卷》调查其职业倦怠和职业紧张,分析职业紧张对职业倦怠的影响。结果 研究对象职业倦怠检出率为76.0%(361/475);工作要求-自主(JDC)和付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式高职业紧张检出率分别为78.3%(358/457)和62.6%(286/457)。ERI模式高职业紧张组员工职业倦怠检出率高于低职业紧张组(83.9%vs 70.8%,P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除混杂因素的影响后,ERI模式职业紧张是研究对象职业倦怠的独立影响因素(P<0.05),ERI模式高职业紧张组员工检出职业倦怠的风险高于低职业紧张组(P<0.05);JDC模式职业紧张未对研究对象职业倦怠产生影响(P>0.05)。结论 模具生产企业员工的职业紧张和职业倦怠检出率均较高;ERI模式高职业紧张员工发生职业倦怠的风险较大。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of job burnout in a mold production enterprise by using two occupational stress models. Methods A total of 457 employees in a mould-producing enterprise were selected as study subjects using cluster sampling method. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the Job Demand Content Questionnaire and the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to investigate the level of job burnout and occupational stress. The influence of occupational stress on job burnout was analyzed. Results Among the 457 employees, the detection rate of job burnout was 76.0%(361/475). The prevalence of occupational stress by the job-demand control(JDC) and effort-reward imbalance(ERI) models were 78.3%(358/457) and 62.6%(286/457), respectively. Using the ERI model, the prevalence of job burnout was higher in high occupational stress group than that of the low occupational stress group(83.9% vs 70.8%, P<0.01). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that occupational stress in ERI model was an independent factor affecting job burnout(P<0.05) after excluding confounding factors, and the risk of job burnout was higher in the high occupational stress group than in the low occupational stress group(P<0.05).The occupational stress in JDC model had no effect on job burnout(P>0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of occupational stress and job burnout were both high among the employees in the mold production enterprise. The employees with high degree of occupational stress in ERI model had higher risk of job burnout.