新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下高校教师心理健康状况及其应对方式调查

Mental health status and coping style of university teachers during COVID-19 pandemic

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情下高校教师的心理健康状况及其应对方式。方法 采用方便抽样方法,选择313名高校教师为研究对象,采用《突发公共卫生事件心理问卷》《简易应对方式问卷》调查其在新冠肺炎疫情下的心理健康状况以及应对方式。结果 新冠肺炎疫情下高校教师心理健康状况的抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫-焦虑、疑病维度得分中位数和四分位数间距[M(Q)]分别为0.2(0.7)、0.2(0.6)、0.8(0.7)、0.0(0.2)和0.0(0.0)分;积极应对和消极应对维度得分M(Q)分别为1.8(1.1)和1.0(0.9)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,在排除性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、教龄、职称、行政职务、民族、所在院校、志愿者工作、隔离情况、网络教学任务和慢性疾病等混杂因素影响后,积极应对维度得分越高,心理健康状况的抑郁、神经衰弱、强迫-焦虑、疑病维度得分均越低(P值均<0.01);消极应对维度得分越高,心理健康状况5个维度得分均越高(P值均<0.01)。结论 新冠肺炎疫情期间,高校教师存在不同程度的心理健康问题;应采取积极的应对方式,避免消极的应对方式,提升其心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the mental health status and coping styles of university teachers during the coronavirus disease(COVID-19) pandemic. Methods A total of 313 university teachers were selected as study subjects using convenient sampling method. The Psychological Questionnaire for Public Health Emergent Event and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were used to investigate their mental health status and the coping styles under the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The median(M) and interquartile range(Q) dimension scores were 0.2(0.7) for depression, 0.2(0.6) for neurasthenia, 0.8(0.7) for phobia, 0.0(0.2) for compulsive-anxiety and 0.0(0.0) for hypochondriasis. The positive coping and negative coping dimension scores M(Q) were 1.8(1.1) and 1.0(0.9), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that after excluding the influence of confounding factors such as gender, age, marital status, education level, teaching length, professional title, administrative position, ethnicity, institution, volunteer work, isolation, online teaching tasks and chronic diseases, etc., the higher the score of positive coping dimension, the lower the scores of depression, neurasthenia, obsessive-compulsive-anxiety and hypochondriasis(all P<0.01). The higher the score of negative coping dimension, the higher the scores of five dimensions of mental health status(all P<0.01). Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, university teachers have mental problem in different extent. Active positive coping style should be adopted and negative coping style should be avoided to improve their mental health level.