火力发电厂工人职业紧张影响因素分析

Analysis on influencing factors of occupational stress among thermal power plant workers

目的 分析火力发电厂工人(以下简称“电力工人”)职业紧张现况及其影响因素。方法 采用判断抽样方法,选择2家火力发电厂531名一线工人为研究对象,采用《工作内容问卷》《付出-回报失衡问卷》评估其职业紧张情况。结果 研究对象工作要求-自主(JDC)模式高职业紧张检出率低于付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式高职业紧张检出率(42.4%vs 86.3%,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、饮酒情况、作业模式和接触职业病危害因素数量均是研究对象JDC模式高职业紧张的影响因素(P值均<0.05);性别、接触职业病危害因素数量均是研究对象ERI模式高职业紧张的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论 电力工人的ERI模式高职业紧张检出率高于JDC模式高职业紧张检出率;接触职业病危害因素数量是该群体2种模式职业紧张的共同影响因素。

Objective To analyze the current status of occupational stress and its influencing factors among thermal power plant workers. Methods A total of 531 front-line thermal power plant workers were selected as study subjects by judgment sampling method. The Job Content Questionnaire and the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to evaluate and analyze the occupational stress. Results The incidence of high occupational stress evaluated by the job demand control(JDC) model was lower than that in the effort-reward imbalance(ERI) model(42.4% vs 86.3%, P<0.01). The multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age, drinking status, operation mode and types of exposure to occupational hazards were influencing factors of occupational stress by the JDC model(all P<0.05). Gender and types of exposure to occupational hazards were influencing factors by the ERI model(both P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of occupational stress among thermal power plant electric workers evaluated by the ERI model is higher than that in the JDC model. Types of exposure to occupational hazards was the common influencing factor of occupational stress in these workers evaluated by the two models.