开放职业教育培育新时代产业工人的机遇、挑战与发展策略

Opportunities, Challenges and Development Strategies for Open Vocational Education to Cultivate Industrial Workers in the New Era

规模宏大的高素质产业工人队伍是推动我国产业转型升级、高质量发展的动力源泉、支撑保障。开放职业教育是培养高素质产业工人的有效途径。以战略管理的SWOT分析框架为基础,综合分析了远程开放教育培育新时代产业工人中内部条件存在的优势和劣势,以及外部环境面临的机遇和挑战。在此基础上,结合层次分析法构建了SWOT-AHP态势分析模型,通过对SWOT中四方面16个指标的定性评价和对判断矩阵定量分析,绘制出发展战略四边形。研究分析表明,开放教育培养大规模产业工人的发展应选择机遇开拓型策略,要以教育服务国家和地方产业发展为引领,深化产业工人职业教育产教融合,创新教育形式,转变教学思路,打造灵活的“开放教育二元制”人才培养模式,加快造就一支知识型、专业型、技能型、创新型的新时代产业工人队伍。

A large-scale and high-quality industrial workers are the driving force and support to promote Chinese industrial transformation and upgrading, and high-quality development. Open vocational education is an effective way to train high-quality industrial workers. Based on the SWOT analysis framework of strategic management, this paper comprehensively analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of internal conditions and the opportunities and challenges faced by the external environment in cultivating industrial workers by distance open education in the new era. On this basis, SWOT-AHP is constructed by combining analytic hierarchy process. Through qualitative evaluation and quantitative analysis of 16 indicators in SWOT, a judgment matrix is constructed to draw a development strategy quadrilateral. The research results demonstrate that open education should adopt an opportunity-oriented strategy to cultivate large-scale industrial workers. It is necessary to guide education serving the development of the national and local industries, deepen the integration of industry-education, innovate educational forms, change teaching ideas, create a flexible talent training model of “dual system of open education”, and cultivate a team of knowledge-based, professional, skilled and innovative industrial workers in the new era.