“水是最好的”:泰勒斯自然主义哲学的人民性

“Water Is the Best”:On the People Nature of Thales’Naturalistic Philosophy

要把握泰勒斯的哲学思想,应遵循独特的理解逻辑,即要以马克思主义哲学为坐标,关涉人类史前文化进入文明时期的历史前提,还要同其他哲学以及宗教、神话、文学艺术等文化相比照,使它们互相映照。泰勒斯的自然主义哲学崇尚人与自然和谐共生,把人民性归于自然客体的意义。它的水本论启示人民遵循水的德性、柔性、汇聚性、流变性等水本身的智慧;为人民确立洞见人和世界的本体以及把握总体的大智慧、理想信念的心灵智慧和价值选择的智慧,以水或自然的家园为存在之根和安身立命之所。它是对“我们从哪里来到哪里去”这一存在之谜的自然主义的解答。但是,自然客体人民性要在社会生活和实践中实现,而泰勒斯水本论的局限性就在于消解了社会实践的人民性。

To grasp Thales’philosophical thought,we should follow the unique understanding logic,that is,we should take Marxist philosophy as the coordinate,relate to the historical premise of human prehistoric culture entering the period of civilization,and compare it with other philosophy,religion,myth,literature and art and other cultures to make them reflect each other.Thales’naturalistic philosophy advocates the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and attributes the people’s nature to the meaning of natural object.Its water theory enlightens people to follow the wisdom of water itself,such as virtue,flexibility,convergence and rheology of water,which establishes the noumenon of understanding people and the world,grasps the overall great wisdom,the spiritual wisdom of ideals and beliefs and the wisdom of value choice for the people,and takes water or natural home as the root of existence and the place to settle down.It is a naturalistic solution to the mystery of existence,where we come from and where we go.However,the people nature of natural object should be realized in social life and practice.The limitation of Thales’water-based theory is that it dispels the people nature of social practice.