晋北高寒区坡改梯对农田产流产沙及养分流失的影响

Experimental study on farm land runoff,and sediment production,nutrient loss in changing slope field into terrace in north Shanxi province

在晋北山阴县西双山村试验基地,选择坡耕地、1#坡改梯(梯田形成1年)、5#坡改梯(梯田形成5年)作为试验田,在3块试验田分别布设3个小区,共9个不同养分处置小区。试验作物为晋黍9号,在每个小区下方安装集水槽,收集降雨后的径流,测定径流、泥沙,并化验水样中氮、磷含量,进行径流、泥沙、养分的对比观测。分析得出:坡改梯初期,受土壤扰动和水土流失双重作用,土壤养分呈不同程度下降趋势,生产能力下降,但拦蓄径流能力增大,随着坡改梯年限的增长,土壤逐渐熟化,生产能力逐步提高。

In the test base of Xishuangshan Village,Shanyin County,North Shanxi Province,slope farmland,1#slope to terrace(1 year of terrace formation),5#slope to terrace(5 years of terrace formation)were selected as the test fields,and 3 test fields were set up respectively in 3 test fields.There are 9 different nutrient treatment communities in total.The test crop was Jinmi No.9.Water collection troughs were installed under each plot to collect runoff after rainfall,measure runoff and sediment,and test the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water samples,and conduct comparative observations of runoff,sediment and nutrients.Through the analysis,it is concluded that during the initial stage of the slope conversion,due to the dual effects of soil disturbance and soil erosion,the soil nutrient presents a different degree of decline,and the production capacity decreases,but the capacity to block runoff increases.With the increase of the slope conversion period,the soil gradually matures,The production capacity is gradually improved.