公务员队伍治理能力与制度创新研究

Research on Governance Capacity and System Innovation of Civil Servants

国家治理体系和治理能力是一个国家制度和制度执行能力的集中体现。公务员队伍是国家治理体系的基本要素和动力源泉,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,必然对公务员队伍治理能力提出新的更高要求。目前我国公务员队伍治理能力还不能完全适应国家治理现代化的现实需求,需要进一步通过制度创新强化公务员队伍能力建设。研究显示,公务员队伍治理能力主要受三方面因素影响,即公务员队伍基础性结构、公务员个体能力、公务员管理制度与运行机制等因素影响。其中,公务员制度改革和创新滞后是制约公务员队伍治理能力提升的重要因素,特别是公务员考试录用、绩效考评、激励保障、教育培训等制度性障碍,使公务员队伍治理能力存在结构性失衡倾向,公务员个体能力标准缺失,以及绩效考评不科学、容错纠错机制不健全、激励机制流于形式等一系列问题,直接制约着公务员队伍治理能力的整体提升。深化国家治理现代化目标模式下的制度创新,是公务员队伍治理能力提升的必然方向。

National governance system and governance capacity are the concentrated embodiment of a national system and system implementation capacity. Civil servants are an important part of the national governance system. Promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity will inevitably put forward new and higher requirements for the governance capacity of civil servants. At present,the governance capacity of China’s civil servants can not fully meet the practical needs of national governance modernization.We need to strengthen the capacity-building of civil servants through institutional innovation. The research shows that the governance capacity of civil servants is mainly affected by three factors,namely,the basic structure of civil servants,the individual capacity of civil servants,the management system and operation mechanism of civil servants and so on. Among them,the lagging reform and innovation of the civil service system are the main factors restricting the improvement of the governance capacity of the civil service,especially the institutional obstacles such as the examination and employment of civil servants,performance evaluation,incentive mechanism and training accountability system,which lead to the tendency of structural imbalance in the governance capacity of the civil service,the lack of individual ability standards of civil servants,and unscientific performance evaluation a series of problems,such as imperfect fault-tolerant and error correction mechanism and formalistic incentive mechanism,directly restrict the overall improvement of the governance capacity of civil servants. Deepening the institutional innovation under the target mode of national governance modernization is the inevitable direction of improving the governance capacity of civil servants.