乡村振兴背景下中国农村中小学教师普通话能力实证研究--基于河南省的调查

An Empirical Study of Chinese Rural Primary and Secondary School Teachers’Mandarin Proficiency in the Context of Rural Revitalization Based on a Survey in Henan Province

“十三五规划”完成后,为实现乡村振兴的宏伟目标,农村地区推普扶贫工作重心也要相应发生转移。通过对河南农村中小学教师的普通话能力和使用状况进行调查,发现目前中国农村中小学教师国家通用语言文字能力仍存在地区间差异大、普通话使用范围有限、普通话一级教师数量少、对国家通用语言文字政策法规了解和关注不够等问题。因此,后扶贫时代教育领域语言工作重点应有所转变:应重视推普的区域性差异,加大对中部地区的推普力度;对教师的推普工作重心应逐步由“全面普及”向“重点提升”转变;还需增强推普形式的多样化,依靠新媒体技术实现平台共通。

After the completion of the 13th Five⁃Year Plan,the focus of poverty alleviation work in rural areas through the promotion of Mandarin has to shift to realize the goal of rural revitalization.This paper investigates the Mandarin competence and using conditions of primary and secondary school teachers in rural Henan.It is found that there are still some problems,such as large regional differences in the proficiency of rural primary and secondary school teachers,limited use of Mandarin,shortage of teachers with top⁃level Manderin proficiency,and insufficient understanding of and attention to national policies and regulations on the use of Mandarin.The focus of language work in the field of education should be changed in the post⁃poverty alleviation era.Attention should be paid to regional differences in the promotion of Mandarin.Efforts should be made to increase Mandarin promotion in the central region.The focus of the promotion of Mandarin among teachers should be changed gradually from“comprehensive Mandarin Promotion”to“targeted enhancement.”It is also necessary to strengthen the diversification of the methods used and to rely on new media technology to provide a common platform.