云南腾冲驼峰机场鸟类风险等级评价

Risk Assessment of Birds in Tengchong Hump Airport in Yunnan Province

鸟击风险分析是机场鸟击防范的重要组成部分,出没于机场附近的各种鸟类因其自身特征和习性差异,对飞行安全造成不同等级的威胁;通过调查云南腾冲驼峰机场鸟的种类,选取鸟类相对重量、相对数量、平均集群规模、遇见频率、飞行高度危险系数等5个定量指标,构建了机场鸟类风险评价模型;研究结果显示,在调查期间观察到的103种鸟类中,评价等级为极危险的鸟种有10种,占记录鸟种数的9.7%;很危险鸟种9种,占8.7%;危险鸟种22种,占21.4%;一般风险的鸟种数量有62种,占60.2%;其中评价为极危险和很危险的鸟类应作为机场重点防控对象。

Bird strike risk analysis is an important part of airport bird strike prevention. Because of the differences in their own characteristics and habits, the birds pose different threats to flight safety. Taking Tengchong Airport as an example, on the basis of field investigation and analysis, we selected five quantitative indexes, namely, relative weight, relative number, average cluster size, encounter frequency and flight altitude risk coefficient of birds, to constructs the airport bird risk assessment model. The results showed that of the 103 species of birds observed, 10 species are highest risk accounting for9.7% of the total species, 9 species for the ratio 8.7% are high risk, 22 species for the ratio 21.4% are moderate risk, and 62 species up to 60.2% are low risk. Among them, the birds that are evaluated as extremely dangerous and very dangerous should be regarded as the critical control objects of the airport.