摘要
Wastewaters from various process industries,namely food and agricultural,sugar mill,brewery,milk,vegetable and fruit,and meat and fsheries processing industries and their wastewater efuents contain nutrients,organic matter,inorganic,heavy metals,suspended solids,and pathogens.The discharges of non-treated wastewater enter the nearby aquatic ecosystem(e.g.,lakes,rivers)and are a signifcant concern due to the presence of diferent nutrients,competing ions and C containing pollutants.It causes excessive growth of algae,loss of habitat/species,and other negative impacts on human health/environment.In the present review,diferent treatment approaches have been discussed in utilizing these nutrients to synthesize value-added products such as biopolymer,biofuel,pigment,organic acid,or enzymes.These biopolymers can be used to prepare various food products/packaging materials.Dextran,chitosan,carrageenan,alginate,and pectin are good examples of non-food biopolymers.Besides these products,poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)synthesis from wastewater nutrients is reported as a new source of bio-nanocomposite materials/biopolymer-based coatings.In this review,the diferent treatment approaches are discussed,which are being used worldwide for the removal/recovery of nutrients,toxic pollutants,and the potential resource recovery of value-added products from wastewater.
