突破之路:美国社区学院与社会流动

The Road to Break the Line:American Community Colleges and Social Mobility

社会流动是社会公平的一项重大议题,关注教育公平、改善教育质量是促进社会流动的重要手段。从意识到“大学的防护线”不可消除,到另辟蹊径走学术和职业复合发展道路,再到设计、开发和运用完备的“三引(3A)”流动性工具,美国社区学院对促进社会流动作出了突出贡献。但是,社区学院一百多年的发展历程表明,突破大学防护线,促进社会流动的道路并不轻松。基于反思我国高职院校在社会流动中的表现,借鉴美国社区学院择道而行的经验,对我国高等职业教育和高职院校的改革和发展提出建议。

Social mobility is a major issue of social equity,and attention to educational equity and quality improvement is an important means of promoting social mobility.From realizing that the"university's line of protection"cannot be eliminated,to taking a different path by combining academic and vocational development,to designing,developing and applying a complete"3A"mobility tool,American community colleges have made outstanding contributions to promoting social mobility.The U.S.community colleges have made outstanding contributions to promoting social mobility.However,the development history of community colleges for more than 100 years shows that it is not an easy road to break through the university protection line and promote social mobility.Finally,based on reflecting on the performance of China's higher vocational colleges in social mobility and drawing on the experience of American community colleges in choosing their own path,suggestions are made for the reform and development of China's higher vocational education and higher vocational colleges.