居住和工作地区位与通勤方式组合选择

Joint Choice Model of Residential Location Workplace and Commute Mode

基于广义极值理论构建交叉分层Logit模型,以居住地选择子集、工作地选择子集和通勤出行方式选择子集的组合作为模型的选择集,刻画了居住地、工作地区位与通勤出行方式的联合选择行为.选取社会经济属性、空间特征和出行成本为模型效用变量,利用北京市第三次居民出行调查数据和社会经济统计数据,完成模型参数估计,通过弹性分析讨论了效用变量对联合选择行为的影响.研究表明:居住地、工作地和通勤出行方式选择之间有显著相互影响,人口密度、房价、工作性质和收入、出行成本是重要影响因素,当上述因素发生改变时出行者会优先调整其出行方式而非区位选择.高收入者倾向于位于城市中心的工作和居住地,小汽车拥有者表现出更灵活的工作和居住地选择,能适应长距离通勤出行需求.

Based on the generalized extreme value theory,a cross-layered Logit model was constructed,and the combination of residence selection subset,workplace selection subset and commuter travel mode selection subset was used as the selection set of the model,which depicts the joint selection behavior of residence,workplace location and commuter travel mode.By selecting socio-economic attributes,spatial characteristics and travel costs as utility variables of the model,the model parameters were estimated by using the data of the third Beijing residents’travel survey and socio-economic statistical data.The influence of utility variables on joint selection behavior was discussed by elasticity analysis.The research shows that there is a significant interaction among residence,workplace and the choice of commuting modes.Population density,housing price,job nature,income and travel cost are important influencing factors.When these factors change,travelers will give priority to adjusting their travel mode rather than location choice.High-income people tend to work and live in the city center,and car owners show more flexible choices of work and residence,which can meet the needs of long-distance commuting.