不同添加方式的酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的影响

Effects of Different Supplemental Types of Acidifier on Growth Performance and Intestinal Development of Broilers

本试验旨在研究不同添加方式的酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的影响。选择1日龄、体重接近的健康白羽肉鸡512只,随机分为8组,每组8个重复,每个重复16只鸡。正常对照组(NC组)饲喂基础饲粮和基础饮用水,阳性对照组(PC组)饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素和基础饮用水,饮水酸化剂组(WA组)饲喂基础饲粮和基础饮用水中添加0.1%酸化剂,饲粮酸化剂组(FA组)饲喂基础饲粮+0.2%酸化剂和基础饮用水。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与NC组相比,WA和FA组的欧洲效益指数显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。与NC组相比,FA组的死亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与NC组相比,WA和FA组的21日龄十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),21和42日龄十二指肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。与NC组相比,FA组的42日龄空肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),21日龄回肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与NC组相比,FA组的21日龄十二指肠和空肠杯状细胞数量显著提高(P<0.05),42日龄空肠杯状细胞数量显著提高(P<0.05)。与NC组相比,WA和FA组的21日龄空肠封闭蛋白-2的mRNA相对表达量均显著提高(P<0.05),FA组的21和42日龄空肠封闭蛋白-3的mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,酸化剂通过饲粮添加和饮水添加对肉鸡生长性能的促进作用与抗生素相当,对肠道发育的促进作用优于抗生素;酸化剂通过饲粮添加对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的改善作用优于饮水添加。

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different supplemental types of acidifier on growth performance and intestinal development of broilers.Fifty hundred and twelve 1-day-old healthy broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 18 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the normal control group(group NC)were fed basal diet and basal drinking water,broilers in the positive control group(group PC)were fed basal diet+20 mg/kg virginiamycin and basal drinking water,broilers in the water acidifier group(group WA)were fed basal diet and basal drinking water with0.1%acidifiers,and broilers in the feed acidifier group(group FA)were fed basal diet+0.2%acidifiers and basal drinking water.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the NC group,the European profit index of groups WA and FA were significant increased(P<0.05),and had no significant difference with group PC(P>0.05).Compared with the NC group,the mortality of group FA was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the NC group,the crypt depth in duodenum at 21 days of age of groups WA and FA was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth in duodenum at 21 and 42 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05),and had no significant difference with group PC(P>0.05).Compared with the NC group,the villus height/crypt depth in jejunum at 42 days of age of group FA was significantly increased(P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth in ileum at 21 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05),and had no significant difference with group PC(P>0.05).3)Compared with the NC group,the number of goblet cells in duodenum and jejunum at 21 days of age of group FA was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the number of goblet cells in jejunum at 42 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the NC group,the mRNA relative expression level of Claudin-2 in jejunum at 21 days of age of groups WA and FA was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression level of Claudin-3 in jejunum at 21 and 42 days of age of group FA was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,diet and water supplemented acidifier can enhance the growth performance of broilers as antibiotics,and enhance the intestinal development better than antibiotics;diet supplemented acidifier has better enhancement effects on growth performance and intestinal development of broilers than water supplemented acidifier.