苜蓿和小麦秸秆组合对断奶羔羊生长性能、肝脏糖、脂代谢相关基因表达和瘤胃黏膜形态的影响

Effects of Combination of Alfalfa and Wheat Straw on Growth Performance,Expression of Genes Related to Liver Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Rumen Mucosal Morphology of Weaned Lambs

本试验旨在研究苜蓿和小麦秸秆不同组合效应对呼伦贝尔断奶羔羊生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏糖、脂代谢相关基因表达、瘤胃黏膜形态的影响。选择体重相近、体况良好的3月龄左右断奶羔羊72只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复8只,分别为小麦秸秆组(WS组)、50%小麦秸秆+50%苜蓿干草组(AHWS组)、苜蓿干草组(AH组),饲粮精粗比为7∶3,试验期为90 d。试验结束后随机挑选7只进行屠宰并采集相关组织进行后续测定。结果显示:1)在饲粮精粗比7∶3条件下,AHWS组的平均日增重高于WS组(P>0.05)和AH组(P<0.05),料重比AH组显著高于WS组和AHWS组(P<0.05),AHWS组与WS组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素氮(UN)、葡萄糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、淀粉酶(AMS)活性3组间均差异不显著(P>0.05),WS组血清甘油三酯(TG)含量显著高于AH组(P<0.05),与AHWS组差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)肝脏糖代谢中葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6PC)、丙酮酸羧化酶(PC)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶1(PCK1)基因相对表达量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),脂肪代谢中脂肪醛脱氢酶(ALDH3A2)基因相对表达量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),AH组脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)基因相对表达量显著高于WS组和AHWS组(P<0.05)。4)苜蓿和小麦秸秆比例为1∶1组合时,可以显著提高羔羊瘤胃乳头长度(P<0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下用50%小麦秸秆与50%苜蓿干草组合可提高呼伦贝尔断奶羔羊生长性能,促进肝脏糖、脂代谢和瘤胃乳头的发育,改善动物的生产效益。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different combinations of alfalfa and wheat straw on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,liver glucose and lipid metabolism related gene expression and rumen mucosal morphology of Hulunbuir weaned lambs.Seventy-two 3-month-old weaned lambs with similar body weight and good body condition were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 8 lambs in each replicate group,which were wheat straw group(WS group),50%wheat straw and 50%alfalfa hay group(AHWS group)and alfalfa hay group(AH group),respectively.The concentrate to forage ratio was 7∶3.The experiment lasted for 90 days.After the experiment,7 lambs were randomly selected for slaughter and related tissues were collected for subsequent determination.The results showed as follows:1)the daily gain in AHWS group was higher than that in WS group(P>0.05)and AH group(P<0.05),the ratio of feed to gain in AH group was significantly higher than that in WS and AHWS groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between AHWS group and WS group(P>0.05).2)The contents of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),urea nitrogen(UN),glucose(GLU),total cholesterol(CHOL),low density lipoprotein(LDL),high density lipoprotein(HDL),the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and amylase(AMS)in serum were no significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05),and serum triglyceride(TG)content in WS group was significantly higher than that in AH group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between WS group and AHWS group(P>0.05).3)The relative expression levels of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6PC),pyruvate carboxylase(PC),phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1(PCK1)in liver glucose metabolism were not significantly different(P>0.05),there was no significant difference in the relative expression level of aliphatic aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH3A2)in lipid metabolism(P>0.05),the relative expression level of fatty acid synthetase(FASN)in AH group was significantly higher than that in WS group and AHWS group(P<0.05).4)When the ratio of alfalfa to wheat straw was 1∶1,the length of rumen papilla of lambs could be significantly increased(P<0.05).In this study,replacing wheat straw with 50%alfalfa can improve the growth performance,liver glucose and lipid metabolism,rumen papilla development,and improve the production efficiency of Hulunbuir lambs.