石羊河国家湿地公园乔木群落及林下植被多样性分析

Diversity analysis of tree community and understory vegetation in Shiyanghe National Wetland Park

研究了石羊河国家湿地公园乔木群落及其林下植被组成特征和物种多样性,为该区域的植被管理提供理论依据。采用分层样方抽样法调查石羊河国家湿地公园的乔木群落及林下植被,分析湿地公园植被组成特征和物种多样性。结果表明:共调查到21科、38属、51种植物,其中乔木层共4科、6属、13种,灌木层共5科、8属、9种,草本层共14科、24属、29种;以乔木层优势树种对调查林分进行划分和命名,可分为7个植被群系,分别为旱柳群系、线叶柳群系、沙枣群系、小叶杨群系、二白杨群系、新疆杨群系和胡杨群系,每个群系中植被组成存在一定的差异;7个植被群系乔木层和灌木层的Simpson指数和Shannon-Weiner指数整体小于草本层,但乔木层的Pielou均匀度指数整体大于灌木层和草本层。综上,石羊河国家湿地公园乔木群落及林下植被林分结构比较简单,树种单一,物种多样性较小,林分稳定性较差。

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the management of vegetation in Shiyang he National Wetland Park, the composition and species diversity of the tree communities and their understory vegetation on both sides of the river in the park were studied.The stratified quadrat sampling method was used to investigate the composition and species diversity of the tree communities and their understory vegetation in Shiyang he National Wetland Park.Totally, 51 Species of 38 genera and 21 families were investigated, including 13 species of 6 genera and 4 families in the arbor layer, 9 species of 8 genera and 5 families in the shrub layer, and 29 species of 24 genera and 14 families in the herb layer.The results show that according to the dominant tree species in the arbor layer, the investigated stand could be divided into 7 vegetation groups, namely Salix matsudana Formation, Salix wilhelmsiana Formation, Elaeagnus angustifolia Formation, Populus simonii Formation, Populus×gansuensis Formation, Populus alba var pyramidalis Formation and Populus euphratica Formation.There are some differences in vegetation composition in each formation.The Simpson index and Shannon-Weiner index of tree layer and shrub layer of 7 vegetation formations are lower than those of herb layer, but the Pielou evenness index of tree layer was higher than that of shrub layer and herb layer.In conclusion, the structure of tree community and understory vegetation stand in Shiyanghe National Wetland Park is relatively simple, with single tree species, small species diversity and poor stand stability.