5A12铝合金棒材生产工艺研究

Production technology study of 5A12 aluminum alloy bar

为提升5A12铝合金棒材的力学性能,使其达到一定的指标要求,从5A12铝合金成分、组织特性出发,采用挤压变形强化和固溶强化两种方法,系统研究了挤压工艺和固溶热处理工艺对力学拉伸性能的影响。研究表明,高温挤压变形和固溶强化热处理同时进行才能有效提高5A12铝合金棒材的力学性能,单独使用其中任何一种方式,效果均不理想。对于直径不大于150 mm的5A12铝合金棒材,经过400~420℃高温挤压和460℃/1 h固溶强化处理后,其力学性能指标可完全满足要求,且余量充裕适中。

In order to improve the mechanical properties of 5A12 aluminum alloy bar,and to make it reach certain index require⁃ments,the effects of extrusion and solution heat treatment on mechanical tensile properties were systematically studied by two methods of extrusion deformation strengthening and solution strengthening starting from the composition and microstructure characteristics of 5A12 aluminum alloy.The results show that the mechanical properties of 5A12 aluminum alloy bar can be effectively improved only by high temperature extrusion deformation and solution enhanced heat treatment simultaneously,but the effect of either method alone is not ideal.For 5A12 aluminum alloy bar with diameter less than 150mm,its mechanical properties can fully meet the requirements af⁃ter high temperature extrusion at 400~420℃and solid solution strengthening at 460℃/1h,and the allowance is sufficient and moderate.