长期饮用海水淡化水海岛居民的慢性病监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of chronic diseases of island residents who have drunken desalinated seawater for a long time

【目的】研究长期饮用海水淡化水的海岛居民慢性病患病现状,揭示饮用海水淡化水及其他水源与人群慢性病患病率之间的关系。【方法】根据海岛饮用水源不同,以嵊泗县枸杞乡饮用海水淡化水居民为淡化海水组,嵊山镇饮用海水淡化水和其他水源水居民为混合水源组,黄龙乡饮用水库水和其他水源水居民为淡水组,通过慢性病网络报告和居民健康档案系统进行慢性病发病现状的调查分析。【结果】饮用不同水源的恶性肿瘤患病率混合水源组>淡化海水组>淡水组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.867,P<0.001)。冠心病患病率混合水源组>淡化海水组>淡水组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=194.883,P<0.001)。脑卒中患病率淡水组>混合水源组>淡化海水组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=35.637,P<0.001)。糖尿病患病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.808,P=0.246),糖尿病发病年龄差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.368,P=0.001),≥55岁年龄别糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.144,P<0.001),且发病年龄和患病率均为淡水组>淡化海水组>混合水源组。高血压患病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.962,P=0.138)。≥55岁年龄别高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.734,P<0.001),且患病率淡水组>淡化海水组>混合水源组。【结论】居民长期饮用海水淡化水与恶性肿瘤、冠心病、脑卒中之间有一定相关性,与糖尿病、高血压无相关性。

[Objective]To study the current situation of chronic diseases among island residents who have drunken desalinated water for a long time,and to reveal the relationship between drinking desalinated water and water from other sources and the prevalence of chronic diseases among the population.[Methods]According to the different drinking water sources of island residents,the research subjects were divided into seawater desalination group(residents of Gouqi Township,Shengsi County),mixed water source group(residents of Shengshan Town,Shengsi County)and freshwater group(residents of Huanglong Township,Shengsi County).Through the chronic disease network report and resident health file system,the current situation of chronic diseases in different water groups was investigated and analyzed.[Results]There were significant differences in the prevalence of malignant tumor among drinking water sources(χ^(2)=23.867,P<0.001),with the prevalence of mixed water group>desalination group>fresh water group.There were significant differences in the prevalence of coronary heart disease(χ^(2)=194.883,P<0.001),with the prevalence of mixed water group>desalination group>fresh water group.There were significant differences in the prevalence of stroke(χ^(2)=35.637,P<0.001),with the prevalence of fresh water group>mixed water group>desalination group.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(χ^(2)=2.808,P=0.246),but there was significant difference in the age of onset of diabetes mellitus(χ^(2)=7.368,P=0.001),and significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the age group≥55(χ^(2)=17.144,P<0.001),and the onset age and prevalence were all in the order of fresh water group>desalination group>mixed water source group.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension(χ^(2)=3.962,P=0.138),but there was significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension in the age group≥55(χ^(2)=20.734,P<0.001),with the prevalence of fresh water group>desalination group>mixed water source group.[Conclusion]Long-term consumption of desalinated water by residents is correlated with malignant tumors,coronary heart disease and stroke,and has no correlation with diabetes and hypertension.