基于街景感知的城市空间品质对空间活力的影响作用研究

The Impact of Spatial Quality on Spatial Vitality from the Perspective of Public Perception

近年来,国内关于空间活力影响因素的研究层出不穷,但缺乏对人本导向下公众感知的街道空间品质等非物质层面因素的考虑。文章利用手机信令数据测度空间活力,基于深度学习和公众街景感知的评分结果测度空间品质,并将POI丰富度、时间可达性、房屋租金等因素作为控制变量,系统分析了空间品质与空间活力的关系。研究结果显示:从全局看,空间品质对空间活力的分布具有一定的解释力,但相关性较弱;从局部看,不同维度的空间品质对空间活力的影响具有较强的空间异质性,在城市空间中呈现较为复杂的关系;在不同类型的空间中,空间品质对空间活力影响作用的差异主要与区位相关,且空间品质优化对空间活力的提升作用需要具备一定的物质先决条件。因此,在实际的空间改造工作中,应根据空间现有的物质条件判定是否可以采取品质优化的方式提升活力;需考量空间安全感、热闹感、美丽感、脏乱感等维度的品质在不同类型的空间中对居民活动的差异化影响,并因地制宜地采取改造策略。

In recent years,domestic cities are experiencing high-quality development and transformation,and more and more attention has been paid to spatial vitality.Studies on the influencing physical factors of spatial vitality are plenty,but research on non-physical factors such as the public perception of spatial quality is rare.This article measures the spatial vitality by mobile phone signaling data,and measures spatial quality by crowd-sourced rating on street view photos.It also includes POI richness,time accessibility,and housing rent as control variables.The research results show that:(1)globally,spatial vitality has a weak relation with the spatial quality;(2)locally,spatial vitality has strong spatially heterogeneous relations with different dimensions of spatial quality;(3)In urban space,the improvement effect of spatial quality optimization on spatial vitality needs certain prerequisites.In practice,the development conditions mentioned above should determine whether spatial quality optimization can be adopted to improve spatial vitality;and the differentiated impact of spatial quality dimensions such as spatial safety,spatial liveliness,spatial beauty and spatial mess on residents'activities in different spatial types should be considered for locally appropriate reconstruction strategies.