城市湿地生态系统保护规划技术路径构建与实践--以湖北省潜江市湿地保护规划项目为例

Wetland Ecological Preservation Methods and Practice:A Case in Qianjiang City,Hubei Province

湿地是极为珍贵的自然资源,具有多种生态系统服务功能。在城市快速发展的背景下,湿地资源被过度利用和侵占,生态系统服务功能退化明显。目前,湿地保护规划缺少系统完整的技术框架,如何保护湿地生态系统服务功能,平衡湿地保护与发展的矛盾,以预见性的方式科学划定湿地保护范围是湿地保护规划工作的关键。因此,文章旨在从评价及预测两个方面构建一套切实可行的湿地保护规划工作路径:创新应用ES服务评估和FLUS情景模拟,通过对湿地生态系统多种服务功能的综合评价及湿地发展变化模拟来确定湿地保护对象及范围;以湖北省潜江市湿地保护规划为例,利用评价结果从源地识别及生态廊道选线等方面构建湿地分级分区保护格局;结合FLUS模型模拟湿地退化过程,提取敏感湿地,完善与优化湿地保护生态网络体系并建立湿地保护技术框架。文章以预见性的方式探寻多种生态系统服务功能复合的湿地保护方法,为构建功能复合的湿地生态保护网络提供新的规划视角。

Wetland is an invaluable resource with bio-diversity.It is being overused and even occupied in fast urbanization and is degrading in ecological service.A systematic technical framework is needed to balance ecological protection and development of wetlands.This study aims to construct a feasible wetland protection planning work path from two aspects of evaluation and prediction:1.The innovative application of ES service evaluation and FLUS scenario simulation is conducted to determine the object and scope of wetland protection;2.Taking QianJiang Wetland protection planning as an example,this paper tries to use the evaluation results to construct a hierarchical and zoned wetland protection pattern from the aspects of source identification and ecological corridor selection;3.FLUS simulation of wetland degradation is used to extract sensitive wetlands,and improve the ecological network system and establish the technical framework of wetland protection.The research predictability explores the wetland protection methods with multiple ecosystem functions and provides a new planning perspective for the construction of wetland ecological protection network.