高强度间歇运动肥胖大鼠鸢尾素、瘦素、脂联素和内脏脂肪的变化

Changes in irisin,leptin,adiponectin and visceral fat in obese rats undergoing high-intensity intermittent exercise

背景:运动可以诱导肌肉因子的分泌,如鸢尾素(Irisin),它起着调节白色脂肪组织褐变过程的作用,可能有助于肥胖症的治疗。运动介导的褐变效应与运动强度有关,高强度间歇运动在诱导脂肪褐变方面优于中等强度持续训练。目的:观察不同运动干预对肥胖大鼠鸢尾素、瘦素、脂联素和内脏脂肪的影响。方法:50只雄性SPF级SD大鼠分为正常对照组10只及肥胖造模组40只,饲养10周,记录大鼠体质量变化,从造模成功大鼠中挑选体质量较大的30只,分为3组,即肥胖安静对照组、中等强度持续训练组和高强度间歇训练组,每组10只。两个运动组分别进行中等强度持续运动和高强度间歇运动干预,测定不同运动干预对肥胖大鼠体质量、内脏脂肪、血糖、血脂、血鸢尾素、瘦素、脂联素水平的影响。结果与结论:(1)肥胖造模组大鼠较正常对照组大鼠体质量明显增加(P<0.01);高强度间歇训练组终末体质量显著低于中等强度持续训练组(P<0.01);(2)Lee’s指数肥胖安静对照组显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01);高强度间歇训练组明显低于肥胖安静对照组(P<0.01),高强度间歇训练组与正常对照组间无明显差异(P>0.05);(3)肥胖安静对照组脂肪含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),中等强度持续训练组和高强度间歇训练组脂肪含量均显著低于肥胖安静对照组(P<0.01);(4)血清学分析结果显示,肥胖安静对照组空腹血糖显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01);在高脂喂养组中,中等强度持续训练组、高强度间歇训练组血糖显著低于肥胖安静对照组(均P<0.01);(5)肥胖安静对照组三酰甘油、胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著高于正常对照组(均P<0.01);中等强度持续训练组三酰甘油、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低(均P<0.01),高强度间歇训练组三酰甘油(P<0.01)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(P<0.05)水平降低;(6)肥胖安静对照组血清鸢尾素和脂联素水平明显降低、瘦素水平明显升高(均P<0.01),中等强度持续训练组、高强度间歇训练组大鼠血清鸢尾素和瘦素水平显著升高(均P<0.01);(7)三酰甘油、瘦素、终末体质量与脂肪总质量呈正相关(r=0.959,0.842,0.923,均P<0.01),鸢尾素、脂联素与脂肪总质量呈负相关(r=-0.720,-0.669,均P<0.01);(8)提示高脂饮食可增加大鼠体质量、内脏脂肪,降低大鼠血清鸢尾素和脂联素水平,增加瘦素水平;运动训练可降低肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪,改善血糖、血脂代谢,调节瘦素和脂联素水平变化,增加血清鸢尾素水平;高强度间歇运动歇训练对肥胖大鼠减脂效果较好。

BACKGROUND:Exercise induces the secretion of muscle factors,such as irisin,which regulates the browning process of white adipose tissue and may contribute to the treatment of obesity.Exe rcise-mediated browning effects are related to exercise intensity and high-intensity intermittent exercise is supe rior to moderate-intensity continuous training in inducing adipose tissue browning.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different exercise interventions on irisin,leptin,adiponectin and visce ral fat in obese rats.METHODS:Fifty male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal control group(n=10)and obese model group(n=40).Changes in body mass were recorded for 10 wee ks.Thirty rats with higher body mass were selected from the successful modeling rats and randomly divided into three groups(n-10 per group):obese quiet control group,obese moderate-intensity continuous exercise group and obese high-intensity intermittent exercise group.The two exercise groups were subjected to moderate-intensity conti nuous exe rcise or high-intensity intermittent exercise.The body mass,visceral fat,blood glucose,blood lipids,blood irisin,leptin and adiponectin levels in the obese rats we re measured after different exercise interventions.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The body mass of the rats in the obese model group increased significantly compared with that of the normal control group(P<0.01).The final body mass of the high-intensity intermittent exercise group was significantly lower than that of the moderate-intensity continuous exercise group(P<0.01).(2)The Lee’s index of the obese quiet control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(P<0.01)and the Lee’s index of the high-intensity intermittent exercise group was significantly lower than that of the obese quiet control group(P<0.01).However,there was no significant difference between the high-intensity intermittent exercise group and the normal control group(P>0.05).(3)The fat content of the obese quiet control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group,moderate-intensity continuous exercise group and high-intensity intermittent exercise group(all P<0.01).(4)The results of serological analysis showed that fasti ng blood glucose in the obese quiet control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P<0.01).During high-fat feeding,the blood glucose level was significantly lower in the moderate-intensity conti nuous exercise group and high-intensity intermittent exercise group than the obese quiet control group(both P<0.01).(5)Triglyceride,choleste rol and lowdensity lipoprotein levels in the obese quiet control group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(all P<0.01).Compared with the obese quiet control group,the mode rate-intensity continuous exe rcise significantly decreased the levels of triglycerides,choleste rol,low-density lipoprotein choleste rol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(all P<0.01),while the high-intensity intermittent exercise significantly downregulated the levels of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P<0.05).(6)Serum irisin and adiponectin levels were significantly decreased and leptin level was significantly increased in the obese quiet control group(all P<0.01),while serum irisin and leptin levels were significantly increased in the moderate-intensity continuous exercise group and high-intensity intermittent exercise group{all P<0.01).(7)Triglycerides,leptin,and final body mass were positively correlated with total fat mass(r=0.959,0.842,0.923,all P<0.01),and irisin and adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with total fat mass(r=-0,720,-0.669,both P<0.01).(8)To conclude,high-fat diet could increase body mass and visce ral fat,decrease serum irisin and adiponectin levels,and increase leptin level in rats.Exercise training could reduce visceral fat,improve blood glucose and lipid metabolism,regulate leptin and adiponectin levels,and increase serum irisin level in obese rats.Moreover,the high-intensity intermittent exercise has a better effect on fat loss in obese rats.