连动结构“VP_(1)来VP_(2)”的复句化及新兴小句连接词“来”的形成

From Constituent of Serial Verb Construction(SVC)to Clause:the Forming of the Characters of VP_(1) lai(来)VP_(2) and the New Clause Linkage of lai(来)

现代汉语中“来”的常用义是表示趋向位移,但“来”在“VP_(1)来VP_(2)”类连动结构中意义会发生虚化。“来”从一个表示“趋向”义的动词,转变为指示VP_(1)后“目的”性动作行为的标记。随着“VP_(1)来VP_(2)”发生复句化,“来”变为一个引出“目的”小句复句内逻辑连接词。连接词“来”可以省略,但要受相关条件制约。“VP_(1)来VP_(2)”的复句化表现为语音上的韵律停延,在文本中表现为逗号停顿。连动结构是否复句化在个案表现上有一定的自由,但在大样本统计上存在倾向性,这种复句化跟“来VP_(2)”包含的信息量大小密切相关,即“来VP_(2)”中动词后的信息越丰富,“VP_(1)来VP_(2)”结构更容易复句化。这类单句结构复句化,并形成新的连接词的情况,值得关注。

lai(来)is a frequently used verb in mandarin,tending to motion,however when lai occurs in the middle of VP_(1) lai VP_(2) construction,it evolves into a mark of indicating action and purpose from its original meaning.With the change of becoming a compound sentence,lai in VP lai VP can evolve into a logical connective in the compound sentence.lai can be omitted under certain conditions.The compounding of“VP_(1) to VP_(2)”is manifested as prosodic pause in speech and comma pause in text.Whether lai VP evolves into a compound sentence or not is far from sharply distinguished in individual cases.Based on large samples,the increase of semantic information plays an important role in deciding lai VP to become a compound.This kind of compound sentence is closely related to the amount of information contained in“VP_(2)”.In other words,the richer the information after the verb in“VP_(2)”is,the easier it is to compound the structure of“VP_(1) lai VP_(2)”.The compounding of single sentences and the formation of new conjunctions are worth paying attention to.