热科院试验场橡胶树死皮现状调查及成因分析

Investigation and Analysis of Hevea brasiliensis Tapping Panel Dryness Occurring in Experimental Farm CATAS

在中国热带农业科学院(简称热科院)试验场二队、三队、四队开展橡胶树死皮现状调查,并对其因素进行分析。结果显示:3个连队整体橡胶树平均死皮率达43.35%,停割率为27.72%;各连队停割率从小到大依次为四队(24.76%)<三队(26.20%)<二队(36.83%),死皮率依次为二队(36.83%)<四队(37.80%)<三队(58.05%);不同割龄段死皮率增幅分别为1~5割龄(7.88%)<16~18割龄(18.75%)<11~15割龄(28.18%)<6~10割龄(28.5%)。结合死皮调研数据、实地调查与产量数据等资料,分析试验场3个橡胶生产队死皮发生情况,初步认为过量刺激是造成橡胶树死皮高发的主要原因。

The present situation of tapping panel dryness(TPD)of rubber trees was investigated in production team 2,produc-tion team 3 and production team 4 of experimental farm,CATAS,and its factors were analyzed.The average TPD rate of rub-ber trees in the three production teams was 43.35%,and the ceasing tapping rate was 27.72%.The order of ceasing tapping rate of each teams from small to large is as follows:team 4(24.76%)<team 3(26.20%)<team 2(36.83%);the TPD rate is as follows:team 2(36.83%)<team 4(37.80%)<team 3(58.05%).The increase of TPD rate in different cutting age groups is as follows:1-5 year of tapping(7.88%)<16-18 year of tapping(18.75%)<11-15 year of tapping(28.18%)<6-10 year of tap-ping(28.5%).Combined with the data of TPD investigation,field investigation and yield data,the occurrence of TPD of three rubber production teams in the experimental field was analyzed.It was preliminarily considered that excessive stimulation was the main reason for the high TPD rate of rubber trees in the field.