首发急性心肌梗死患者高水平恐动症形成原因的质性研究

Causes of high level kinesiophobia in first-episode patients with acute myocardial infarction:a qualitative study

目的 了解首发急性心肌梗死患者高水平恐动症的形成原因,为该群体运动康复干预提供参考。方法 对14例高水平恐动症的首发急性心肌梗死患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi七步分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果 首发急性心肌梗死患者高水平恐动症的形成原因可归纳为个体内部因素和外部因素两大主题,个体内部因素包括运动康复认知不足、回避应激事件、消极情绪、对自身身体状态的过度警觉、运动自我效能低下5个子主题,外部因素包括家庭支持缺乏、医疗信息或指导不准确、医疗经济负担3个子主题。结论 多种原因造成了首发急性心肌梗死患者的高水平恐动症,医护人员应注重早期评估及干预,提高患者运动康复认知水平,促进患者积极参与康复运动训练。

Objective To understand the causes of high level kinesiophobia in first-episode patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI),and to provide reference for exercise rehabilitation intervention for this population.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 14 first-episode AMI patients with high level kinesiophobia,then the interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method to extract themes.Results The causes of high level kinesiophobia in first-episode patients with AMI can be summarized into two major themes:individual internal factors and external factors.The former one included five subthemes:insufficient awareness of exercise rehabilitation,avoidance of stress events,negative emotions,over-alertness of one′s own physical state,and low exercise self-efficacy,and the latter one was consisted of three subthemes:lack of family support,inaccurate medical information or guidance,and medical financial burden.Conclusion A variety of factors cause high level kinesiophobia in first-episode patients with AMI.Medical staff should pay attention to early assessment and intervention to improve patients′ cognitive level of exercise rehabilitation,and promote their active participation in rehabilitation exercise training.