近20年东乌珠穆沁旗土地利用变化特征及驱动力分析

Analysis of Land Use Change Characteristics and Its Driving Forces in East Urumqi in the Last 20 years

采用2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年五期遥感影像解译数据,从土地利用类型的变化速度、利用程度、转移贡献率以及驱动力因素方面对东乌珠穆沁旗近20年的土地利用动态变化进行了定量分析。结果表明:①草地一直是研究区内主导性地类,占比最大,工矿仓储用地占比最小,但面积增加幅度最大;②2000~2020年,工矿仓储用地动态度最大,但整体变化速度慢,研究区整体土地利用程度较低,草地和未利用地在转移过程中较为活跃;③经济因素和气候因素是影响研究区土地利用变化的主要因素。建设用地和工矿仓储用地的增加是由于经济的快速发展和政策的影响,草地的退化一方面是建设用地和工矿仓储用地的增加,另一方面还有气候的影响,进而导致产业结构变化,致使耕地的增加。

In this paper,five phases of remote sensing image interpretation data in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 are used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of land use in East Urumqi in the past 20 years in terms of the rate of changes of land use types,the degree of utilization,the contribution of transfer and the driving factors.The results show that①Grassland has been the dominant land types in the study area with the largest proportion.Mining and storage land has the smallest proportion but the area has increased the most.②From 2000 to 2020,mining and storage land has the largest dynamic attitude,but the overall change rate is slow.The overall land use degree in the study area is low.Grassland and unused land are more active in the transfer process.③Economic factors and climatic factors are the main factors affecting land use change in the study area.The increase in construction land and mining and storage land is due to the rapid economic development and policies,and the degradation of grassland is due to the increase in construction land and mining and storage land.The influence of climate,which in turn leads to changes in industrial structure,resulting in an increase in arable land.